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A vivid account of INA brigades that fought in Taiping, Malaya

May 27, 2025, 12:41 am

Netaji Subash Chandra Bose, despite having distinct ideology and approach, had held Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad in such a high esteem that he had named three regiments or brigades of the first division of the Indian National Army after them.

Another INA guerrilla regiment was formed drawing on some of the finest soldiers of the three brigades and it was called Subhas Brigade despite being forbidden by Netaji to do so. Gandhi-Nehru-Azad were strong votaries of nonviolent resistance and moral persuasion, while Subash Bose believed in armed struggle and revolutionary action. This divergence in their strategies and philosophies was a significant point of difference between them but INA chief thought it fit to name his brigades after them

In “My Memories of INA and its Netaji [Roli Books 2025], the new edition of Major General Shahnawaz Khan’s account of Subash Bose and INA gives a vivid account of these brigades in the battles that were fought in Taiping, Malaya, from September 1943 onwards and its advance to Burma (present-day Myanmar) in late November 1943. The original work of Major General Shahnawaz Khan who served as a MP and minister in the Indira Gandhi cabinet, was first published in 1946.

A foreword by Professor Sugata Bose Gardiner Professor of History, Harvard University, USA in the new edition is packed with loads of information and anecdotes. Prof Bose quotes General Shahnawaz Khan how he was hypnotized by Subash Bose’s personality and his speeches. In 1943 when Shahnawaz had met Bose, the INA leader had placed a map of India. “… and for the first time in my life I saw India through the eyes of an Indian.” General Shahnawaz recalls that transformative moment as all along, he had been interested only in soldiering and sport. Many in Khan’s clan of Janjua Rajputs from Rawalpindi in Punjab had served in the British Indian Army. “Netaji challenged him to choose whether to owe allegiance to ‘the King or the country’. ‘I decided to be loyal to my country,’ Shahnawaz testified at his court-martial [ in famous 1945 INA trial held at the Red Fort, Delhi] and I gave my word of honour to my Netaji that I would sacrifice myself for her sake” reproduces Sugata Bose whose own work , “His Majesty’s Opponent: Subhas Chandra Bose and India’s Struggle against Empire (The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011, 2022) is considered as an authentic account of Subash Bose.

For taking the anti Raj instance, Shahnawaz was put on trial along with Prem Kumar Sahgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon on the charge of waging war against the King-Emperor. During the trial in November and December 1945, the story of the saga of Netaji and his Indian National Army, recalled Prof Bose, had reached every corner of India. “The Indian people expressed themselves forcefully on the side of Netaji’s soldiers. The slogan ‘Lal Qile se aayee awaz, Sahgal, Dhillon, Shahnawaz’ reverberated across the length and breadth of the country. On 31 December 1945 at the Red Fort, the three were found guilty and sentenced to deportation for life, the same punishment that had been handed to Bahadur Shah Zafar in 1858.”

However, as Prof Bose documents in his foreword, within three days, on 3 January 1946, the then British Commander-in-Chief Claude Auchinleck was forced to release Sahgal, Dhillon, and Shahnawaz to a heroes’ welcome from the Indian public. Netaji and his I.N.A. had successfully undermined the loyalty of Indian soldiers to their British colonial masters and replaced it with a new devotion to the cause of free India even when the Union Jack was flying high at all seats of power in India.

In “My Memories of I.N.A. and its Netaji” Shahnawaz Khan says he noticed ‘a strange influence’ that his leader exercised over everyone who had met Subash Bose. “His was a personality which captivated everyone who met him, even foreigners. It was he and he alone who welded all Indians in East Asia into one unit and created a feeling of friendship and harmony among the nations of the East and its people. He was greatly loved and esteemed not as a sacred deity but as a man, as a hero, as a friend, and as a comrade.’

In addition to military facts, Prof Bose observes in his foreword how Shahnawaz supplied fine insights into the forging of national unity by Netaji and his INA. Interestingly, the most ardent supporters and admirers of Netaji were found among Muslims. As a leader, Netaji respected every man for what he was worth’ and not based on his religious or provincial identity. The Nagas, as Shahnawaz Khan records, ‘were most helpful to our troops.’ They bitterly recalled the humiliation heaped by the British on their queen. ‘All that we would like to have,’ they assured Shahnawaz, ‘is our own Raja, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.’ Describing a battle of the Gandhi Brigade against the Seaforth Highlanders on the outskirts of Imphal, Prof Bose quotes Shahnawaz as saying that that most of the INA troops taking part in that action were ‘raw Tamil recruits from Malaya’ who ‘acquitted themselves most creditably and smashed the British theory of martialand non-martial classes.’

After the INA’s march towards Delhi was halted in Imphal and Kohima, Sh a h n awa z r e c o u nt s the remarkable fortitude shown by INA soldiers and their leader during battles in Burma until the spring of 1945. Perhaps most moving is his telling of the breakout from being trapped in Meiktila towards Pyinmina on 26 February 1945:

Everyone looked cheerful. One thing was certain; the enemy would never capture us alive. When we entered the car and started off, Netaji was sitting with a loaded Tommy gun in his lap. Raju had two hand grenades ready. The Japanese officer was holding on to another Tommy gun and I had a loaded Bren gun in my hand. We were all ready to open fire instantaneously.

On reaching Pyinmina, Netaji expressed his desire to ‘fight his last battle against the British there’. Shahnawaz was eventually captured by the British near Pegu on 18 May 1945, after Netaji had made his epic retreat from Burma to Thailand on foot with some of his officers, soldiers, and women of the Rani of Jhansi Regiment. The Red Fort trial would turn their military defeat into a spectacular political victory.

Prof Bose writes how he had the privilege of meeting Shahnawaz Khan in the 1960s and early ’70s during his visits to Netaji Bhawan in Kolkata. At that time, General Shahnawaz Khan was working with Prof Bose’s father Dr. Sisir Kumar Bose to ensure the welfare of surviving veterans of the Indian National Army and grant them due recognition for their sterling contribution to India’s freedom. Shahnawaz Khan used to tell Prof Bose poignantly: ‘In those streams of blood of the soldiers of the Indian National Army, the blood of Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians intermingled and flowed freely for one cause – a great, free and united India.’

Spiritual Foundations of Freedom: Swami Vivekananda’s Influence on Gandhi’s Journey

January 7, 2025, 2:43 am

Swami Vivekananda (born 1863) and Mahatma Gandhi (born 1869) were both influential in shaping India’s future. The relationship between Swami Vivekananda and Mahatma Gandhi is seldom discussed or written about. The connection they shared, the influence the Swami had on the Mahatma, and how Gandhi perceived Vivekananda’s teachings and work remain largely unexplored.

In 1893, both Swami Vivekananda and Mahatma Gandhi left India for different purposes. Swami Vivekananda travelled to Chicago, America to participate in the World Parliament of Religions, while Mahatma Gandhi went to South Africa to work as a lawyer. It should be made clear that Swami Vivekananda was unaware of who Gandhi was, as the latter was abroad and had not yet gained widespread recognition. However, Swami Vivekananda had already achieved considerable fame and respect both in the Western world and at home, with admirers and followers spread across every continent. Meanwhile, Gandhiji, who was in South Africa at the time, was well acquainted with the Swami and his teachings.

The collected works of Mahatma Gandhi, spanning 98 volumes and available online, reveal several facts and insights that demonstrate the close connection between Gandhi and Swami Vivekananda. Although they never met in person, Gandhi had a deep desire to meet the Swami. He regularly read Vivekananda’s literary works, studied his teachings, and visited the Ramakrishna Mission, which was founded by the Swami, on numerous occasions. Gandhi also delivered speeches about Swami Vivekananda, quoting him and incorporating his teachings into lectures and letters on a wide range of subjects. Through these primary documents of Gandhi, we gain insight into the untold legacy of these two great figures of India.

Gandhi wanted to meet the Swami
There were two instances when Swami Vivekananda and Mahatma Gandhi could have met. The first occurred in 1898, when Gandhiji expressed his desire for Swamiji to visit South Africa and preach his spiritual message there. This is revealed in a letter that Gandhiji wrote to his friend Mr. B. N. Bhajekar in February 1898, in which he stated:
“A religious preacher is very badly wanted here but he must tower above all the priests here. He must be absolutely pure minded and unselfish & must not require money to support him…………Could not Swami himself be induced to pay us a visit? I shall do everything I can to make his mission a success. He can work both among Indians & Europeans. I take it he moves freely among the Indians the highest as well as the lowest. He is sure to do one thing if he comes. He will electrify the Europeans by his eloquence & possibly hypnotize [sic] them into liking the ‘Coolies’ in spite of themselves. ………….. You may place this letter before the Swami if you so wish it.” However, it is not clear whether Mahatma Gandhi’s letter ever reached Swami Vivekananda, but it is certain that the Swami never visited South Africa. The second instance occurred a couple of years later, when Gandhiji was in India for a few months and visited Calcutta in 1901. Gandhiji was eager to meet the Swami, and to do so, he went to Belur Math. However, since the Swami was unwell, they could not meet. In The Story of My Experiments with Truth, Gandhi writes: “Having seen enough of the Brahmo Samaj, it was impossible to be satisfied without seeing Swami Vivekanand. So with great enthusiasm I went to Belur Math, mostly, or maybe all the way, on foot. I loved the sequestered site of the Math. I was disappointed and sorry to be told that the Swami was at his Calcutta house, lying ill, and could not be seen”.
In both of these instances, despite Gandhiji’s strong desire to meet the Swami, he was unable to do so. The second instance was especially close, as Gandhiji was in Calcutta and went to Belur Math, but the Swami’s illness and his absence at the time prevented their meeting.

Gandhi reading Swami Vivekananda writings
To truly know someone, their writings play a crucial role, and this was certainly the case for Gandhiji in his understanding of Swami Vivekananda. Rajyoga, the only book that Swami Vivekananda wrote during his first visit to the West, was a work that Gandhiji kept with him throughout his life.

Gandhiji, who began reading Rajyoga during his days in South Africa, continued to study it throughout his life. Even as late as 1923, he noted in his Jail Diary on September 28 (Friday) that he had completed reading Swamiji’s Rajyoga. Later, in 1932, Gandhiji turned to the biographies of Swami Vivekananda, titled “The Life of Vivekananda”, and his Guru, Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa, in “The Life of Ramakrishna”, both written by Nobel laureate Romain Rolland.
The significance and impact of Swami Vivekananda’s work on Gandhiji can be seen in the speech Gandhiji delivered at Belur Math, the headquarters of the Ramakrishna Mission, in 1921. Gandhiji said,”I have gone through his works very thoroughly, and after having gone through them, the love that I had for my country became a thousand fold. I ask you, young men, not to go away empty-handed, without imbibing something of the spirit of the place where Swami Vivekananda lived and died”.

Mahatma Gandhi Visits to Ramakrishna Mission
To express his admiration for Swami Vivekananda and his Guru Sri Ramakrishna, Gandhiji visited the Ramakrishna Mission, an organization founded by the Swami on May 1, 1897. In addition to Belur Math in Calcutta, Gandhiji visited several other centres of the mission, including Vrindavan and Rangoon, among others. While delivering a speech at the Ramakrishna Mission in Rangoon (1929) on the special occasion of the birth anniversary celebration of Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa, Gandhiji said:

“I want to tell you something about Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and his mission….. I have faith in his mission and I would ask you to follow him. Wherever I go the followers of Ramakrishna invite me and I know their blessings are on my work. Ramakrishna Sevashrams and Hospitals are spread throughout India…….. Hospitals are opened and the poor are given medicine and treatment…… When I remember Ramakrishna’s name I cannot forget Vivekananda. Sevashrams have been largely spread by Vivekananda’s activity and it was he who made his Master known throughout the world. I pray to God to increase such Sevashrams…….”.

Gandhiji’s words about Swami Vivekananda, his Guru Sri Ramakrishna, and the Ramakrishna Mission reflect his deep admiration and respect for them. In addition to the aforementioned information about Swamiji and Mahatma Gandhi, there is much more revealed in the 98 collected works of Mahatma Gandhi. These works include Gandhiji recommending literature based on Swami Vivekananda to his foreign friends, advocating Swami Vivekananda’s teachings in public lectures, and visiting societies and organizations named after the great saint. This has been documented in my book titled “Influence of the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Movement on Gandhi”.

Dr. Nikhil Yadav is the Deputy Head of Vivekananda Kendra, North Zone, holds a Ph.D. from JNU, New Delhi and is the writer of the book “Influence of the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Movement on Gandhi” (2024).

UK Auction: Historic Garland Worn By Gandh-ji During Dandi March Fails To Find A Buyer

December 13, 2024, 9:37 am

A historic tinselled garland, gifted to Mahatma Gandhi during the legendary Dandi March in 1930, did not sell at a recent UK auction, failing to meet its guide price. The garland is a rare artifact from India’s fight for independence and was estimated to fetch between GBP 20,000 and GBP 30,000 but remains unsold.

Unique Garland Holds Historical Significance

A pink-cloth medallion shaped as a large teardrop in pink, backed on card, with silver and gold thread, sequins, and gold tinsel attached to the garland of the Salt March of Mahatma Gandhi consists of four smaller rectangular and two triangular medallions that follow this style. The garland was given by Nanduben Kanuga, wife of the doctor, Balvantrai N. Kanuga, a doctor who treated Gandhi. It has been decades that the artifact has been in the Kanuga family collection.

Hopes For Future Sale Auction House

Kristina Sanne is the head of sale at the fine art and antiques auction house. She was quite astonished that the garland could not be sold. “I am very surprised that the ‘Gandhi Garland’ did not find a home on the day of the auction,” she said. However, since the sale, Sanne believes there has been a good interest in the piece and feels sure it will sell.

Steady Demand for Indian Art

Where others sold, the Gandhi garland still sits unsold. In stark contrast to this lot, other Indian artifacts received great attention and exceeded estimates. A superb illustration from a Bhagavata Purana series ofPunjab fetched GBP 27,700 against an estimate. Six Rajput equestrian portraits brought in a goodly GBP 20,160 while a Kalighat album foundan eager buyer for GBP 21,420.

Sanne highlighted the robust performance of the Indian art segment, where over 90% of its lots sold. “The Indian art market continues to show remarkable buoyancy,” she observed, which speaks of rising global interest in artifacts coming from India.

The garland, meanwhile, will still be available for bids, but with all the historical and cultural importance surrounding it, it will certainly end up in a worthy home.

Teen Lights Firecracker Inside Mahatma Gandhi Statue’s Mouth | Caught On Camera

November 4, 2024, 11:38 am

A viral video on social media shows a teenage boy in Telangana lighting a firecracker inside the mouth of a Mahatma Gandhi statue. The footage begins with a close-up of the golden bust of Gandhi, with the firecracker placed between the statue’s lips. A young boy then appears in the frame, ignites the firecracker, and quickly moves back. His friend, who is recording, also retreats but continues filming as the firecracker detonates inside the statue’s mouth. The video does not clearly show whether the explosion caused any damage to the statue.

A Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) member shared the video on X, tagging IPS officer CV Anand and urging him to take action. “Request @CVAnandIPS garu to kindly take suo motu action on this indecent act with Gandhi ji’s statue in Bowenpally Police Station Limits, Cantonment. It has become a fashion to insult the Father of this Nation,” he wrote in his post.

Social media users, enraged by the incident, called for strict action against those responsible. One user commented, “This is very shocking and disgraceful conduct. Hope the authorities will look into this and take action against the culprits,” tagging Telangana’s Chief Minister Revanth Reddy and Hyderabad police. Another user urged authorities to “kindly take action against the culprits and arrest them through CCTV.”

Reports indicate that the police became aware of the video, which had been shared by the teens on Snapchat and other platforms. Four teens, including two minors, have since been detained by the police. According to officials, the teenagers are residents of Bapuji Nagar, where the incident took place. The police believe they staged the act to make the video go viral, and further investigation is underway.

When Mahatma Gandhi Reached Out To Adolf Hitler In A Bid To Avert World War II

October 2, 2024, 6:09 pm

Mahatma Gandhi, in the days leading up to World War II, made multiple fervent pleas for peace, including a notable letter to Adolf Hitler on August 23, 1939, just before Germany’s invasion of Poland. Writing from his Wardha ashram, Gandhi addressed Hitler as “the one person in the world who can prevent a war.” Acknowledging that many urged him to do so for the “sake of humanity,” Gandhi admitted that writing to Hitler felt like “an impertinence.” He implored Hitler to avoid war, questioning its value if it would only drag humanity back to a “savage state.” Gandhi signed the letter modestly, as “Your sincere friend, M. K. Gandhi.”

Despite his appeal, Hitler launched the invasion of Poland on September 1, triggering World War II. Throughout the war, Gandhi continued his peaceful advocacy. In a letter to Britain on July 3, 1940, he advised them to relinquish their arms but never surrender “your souls nor your minds” to the Nazis.

Gandhi also reached out to Japan on July 7, 1942, criticizing their aggression toward China and clarifying that India’s independence movement was not aligned with such actions. Similarly, he wrote to the U.S. and China’s Chiang Kai-Shek, consistently promoting his message of peace and self-determination.

Gandhi Jayanti 2024: Old Video Of Galib Khan Tearing Up With Bapu’s Statue Resurfaces

October 2, 2024, 5:53 pm

Social media is filled with tributes today, October 2, marking the 155th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, affectionately known as the “Father of the Nation.” Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday in India, is celebrated to honour Mahatma Gandhi’s life and contributions to the Indian independence movement, where he championed nonviolent resistance. His leadership inspired millions of Indians to join the fight for freedom.

A resurfaced video of Ghalib Khan, a Samajwadi Party leader from Uttar Pradesh, has gone viral again. In the video, Khan is seen crying emotionally in front of a garlanded bust of Gandhi in Sambhal, repeatedly saying ‘Bapu.’ Other SP members try to suppress their laughter as the video, widely shared annually, is regarded as a unique tribute to Gandhi.

Watch:

2 October is incomplete without this video ??? pic.twitter.com/QJ9ngybkXy

— BALA (@erbmjha) October 1, 2024

Mahatma Gandhi dedicated his life to serving others and played a pivotal role in India’s journey to independence. He spearheaded various movements such as the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Dandi March, and the Quit India Movement, all of which contributed to ending British rule. His principles of nonviolence and truth continue to inspire individuals worldwide.

As the nation remembers his legacy, here are some of his quotes that highlight his beliefs in truth, nonviolence, and justice:

“Be the change that you wish to see in the world.”

“The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.”

“In a gentle way, you can shake the world.”

“An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.”

“The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.”

Union Ministers Pay Floral Tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Khadi Bhandar on 155th Birth Anniversary

October 2, 2024, 2:48 pm

Union Ministers Jitan Ram Manjhi, JP Nadda, and Shobha Karandlaje paid floral tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Khadi Bhandar on Wednesday, marking his 155th birth anniversary. The leaders reflected on Gandhi’s promotion of Khadi as a symbol of self-reliance, employment generation, and unity during the Indian freedom struggle.

Gandhi’s Khadi Legacy Celebrated

Jitan Ram Manjhi emphasized Gandhi’s efforts to promote Khadi for self-reliance and employment. “On this day, Mahatma Gandhi spun the charkha to promote Khadi for self-reliance,” Manjhi told ANI, further crediting Prime Minister Narendra Modi for continuing to encourage Khadi as a part of organic clothing manufacturing.

Shobha Karandlaje noted Gandhi’s commitment to cleanliness and Khadi during the freedom movement, adding that the Prime Minister’s promotion of Khadi has inspired the youth to embrace it. “People have started inclining towards Khadi, thanks to the Prime Minister’s initiative,” she remarked.

Nadda Appeals for Support of Khadi

BJP President JP Nadda highlighted the historical significance of Khadi in uniting the nation during the freedom struggle. “Khadi played a very important role, and Mahatma Gandhi always promoted it,” Nadda said. He also mentioned that the annual turnover of Khadi products has risen significantly under Modi’s leadership, from ₹25,000 crore to ₹1.55 lakh crore. Nadda urged people to support the movement by purchasing at least one Khadi product.

Gandhi’s Khadi Legacy Celebrated

Nadda Appeals for Support of Khadi

Prime Minister Modi’s Tribute

Earlier, Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid his respects to Mahatma Gandhi, acknowledging his ideals of truth, harmony, and equality. In a statement, Modi said, “His life and ideals will always remain an inspiration for the countrymen.”

October 2, Gandhi Jayanti? Nahhh… ‘Yaad Nahi Hai Na!’ Vijay Aur Uski Family Panjim Gaye The: Memes

October 2, 2024, 1:41 pm

While October 2 is widely known as the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, for the internet, it has taken on another quirky identity. Thanks to Ajay Devgn’s 2015 hit film Drishyam, October 2 is now forever etched in meme history. Every year, on this date, social media users flood platforms with witty and humorous posts referencing the film’s iconic plotline, particularly a specific dialogue that has become a cult favorite.

Drishyam’s Iconic October 2 Scene

In Drishyam, Ajay Devgn’s character, Vijay Salgaonkar, concocts an intricate alibi for himself and his family to evade a crime investigation. A key part of the story involves him constantly reminding his family of their fabricated outing on October 2. “Kal 2 October hai, yaad hai na?” becomes a pivotal dialogue that forms the backbone of the plot, with the family supposedly attending a satsang in Panjim and eating pav bhaaji, all to create fake receipts and evidence.

HAVE A LOOK AT THE VIRAL MEMES:

2 October is Famous for two things :

1) Gandhi Jayanti

2) 2 October ko Vijay aur uska Parivar Panji Gye the Satsang me aur 3 October ko wapas aaye the.#GandhiJayanti #Drishyam #GandhiJayanti2024 #AjayDevgn #TelAviv #Iran #Netanyahu pic.twitter.com/GPKe6GRf4W

— Kumar M (@OldYaade) October 1, 2024

Haa haa yaad hai 2nd October ko kya hua tha#Drishyam #GandhiJayanti pic.twitter.com/hBsrHaObOz

— Atulya (@DesiMemesTweets) October 1, 2024

2nd october exist *

Drishyam joke Gandhi Jayanti pic.twitter.com/mqHPfwuLtx

— Atul Verma  (@sillyy_corner) October 1, 2021

Me When someone tell me Drishyam joke about 2nd October : pic.twitter.com/qCJzQHArA4

— Raghav Masoom (@comedibanda) October 1, 2021

Though the film was released almost a decade ago, its impact on meme culture has only grown with time. As the calendar hits October 2, meme enthusiasts dive into the day with fresh takes, creative twists, and hilarious reminders of Vijay Salgaonkar’s desperate attempts to craft the perfect alibi.

Memes Take Over Social Media

This year was no different, with netizens flooding timelines with humorous posts about Drishyam. One popular meme had users reminding each other of Vijay’s fictional day out: “Aaj 2 October hai, aaj Vijay aur uski family Panjim gaye the Swami Chinmayanand Ji ke satsang mein, waha Pao Bhaji khayi thi fir 3 October ko wapas aaye the.. yaad haina!?”

Others lamented the absence of Drishyam memes on their feeds. “It’s 2 October and not one Drishyam meme. Are we growing as a society??” one user humorously questioned, reflecting the anticipation for this annual meme fest.

The Legacy of Drishyam’s October 2

The fact that Drishyam continues to dominate social media every October 2 speaks to the film’s deep cultural impact. What started as a pivotal plot point in a thriller has now turned into an internet tradition, with users making sure that Vijay Salgaonkar’s fabricated alibi remains fresh in everyone’s minds.

From Gandhi Jayanti to Drishyam memes, October 2 has transformed into a unique day on the internet calendar, where history and pop culture collide in the most entertaining ways.

Gandhi Jayanti 2024: How India is Honoring Mahatma Gandhi on His Birth Anniversary

October 2, 2024, 1:31 pm

Gandhi Jayanti is observed every year on October 2nd in honor of the birth of beloved ‘father of nation’, Mahatma Gandhi. This special day is a tribute to his principles of non-violence, truth, and social justice. As 2024 rolls around, the country commemorates what would have been his 155th birthday, with citizens from all walks of life paying homage to the “Father of the Nation” on social media, especially on platforms like X (formerly Twitter).

Tributes Pour in on X

The spirit of Gandhi Jayanti is particularly visible online, where X users are sharing heartfelt messages and reflections. One user praised Gandhi, saying, “The greatest human ever born on this earth. His message of truth and non-violence continues to guide us on the path of peace and unity. His sacrifice and struggle have inspired millions of lives. His life is a beacon of hope for humanity.”

Another user shared, “On this special day, let’s reflect on the power of truth and non-violence. Wishing you a Gandhi Jayanti filled with inspiration and hope.”

Along with these messages, many users, including brands, posted visuals and artwork honouring Mahatma Gandhi, adding a creative dimension to the nationwide celebration.

Honouring His Philosophy of Non-Violence

Born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat, Mahatma Gandhi became one of the most iconic leaders in history, playing a crucial role in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule. His unwavering commitment to non-violence and civil disobedience has left a lasting impact not only on India but on global movements for justice and equality.

On Gandhi Jayanti, people are reminded of his philosophy and principles, particularly his devotion to non-violence (ahimsa). His teachings continue to serve as a powerful reminder of how peaceful resistance can drive meaningful change in the face of adversity.

The Revered Bhajan: “Vaishnav Jan To”

One of the most endearing aspects of Gandhi Jayanti is the tribute paid to Gandhi’s favourite bhajan, “Vaishnav Jan To”. This devotional song, written by the 15th-century poet-saint Narsinh Mehta, focuses on virtues such as empathy, humanity, and truthfulness, which Gandhi held dear.

On social media, many people have shared audio clips of this beautiful bhajan, offering a musical homage to Gandhi’s legacy. Back in 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had launched a unique medley version of the song, featuring artists from over 40 countries, during the closing ceremony of the Mahatma Gandhi International Sanitation Conference in New Delhi. This collaborative effort showcased how Gandhi’s teachings transcend borders, uniting people across cultures and nations.

Even after more than a century since his birth, Mahatma Gandhi’s ideals continue to resonate with people around the world. His emphasis on tolerance, social justice, and non-violence remains particularly relevant in today’s world, where challenges of violence and injustice persist.

On this Gandhi Jayanti, while people reflect on his immense contributions to the world, there is a collective hope that his teachings will continue to inspire future generations to pursue truth, peace, and equality.

Hl – Before Gandhi: The Untold Story of Who Was Meant to Appear on India’s Currency

October 2, 2024, 12:50 pm

A nation’s currency tells an unspoken story of its history, culture, and heritage through the symbols and images it bears. Many countries honor their founding leaders on their banknotes—like George Washington in the US, Mohammad Ali Jinnah in Pakistan, and Mao Zedong in China. In India, Mahatma Gandhi is the face seen on all currency notes. However, his journey to appear on Indian banknotes wasn’t immediate and involved significant deliberation.

Gandhi’s Image Was Initially Rejected for Currency

Although Gandhi, as the “Father of the Nation,” might seem like the obvious choice for India’s newly independent currency, he wasn’t the first candidate considered. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) explains the process behind this decision. As noted on their website, “The transition of currency management from colonial to independent India was a reasonably smooth affair.” After India gained independence on August 15, 1947, and became a republic on January 26, 1950, the RBI continued to issue pre-existing notes until new designs were introduced. In 1949, the Indian government issued a new Re. 1 note and began considering national symbols for future currency.

Initially, it was suggested that the portrait of the British king be replaced by that of Mahatma Gandhi. However, the final decision favored the Lion Capital at Sarnath, symbolizing India’s ancient heritage, instead of Gandhi’s portrait. The new banknotes followed the design patterns of the pre-independence era.

Currency Designs Reflecting India’s Development

For several years after independence, Indian banknotes showcased the nation’s cultural heritage and progress. The notes of the 1950s and 60s depicted majestic animals such as tigers and deer, and symbols of modern advancement like the Hirakud Dam, Aryabhatta satellite, and the Brihadeeswara Temple. These designs symbolized India’s blend of cultural history and its aspirations for development.

It wasn’t until 1969, during the 100th anniversary of Gandhi’s birth, that his image first appeared on an Indian note. This design featured Gandhi seated with Sevagram Ashram in the background. In 1987, Gandhi’s portrait was featured on the reintroduced Rs. 500 note during the Rajiv Gandhi government, following a nine-year hiatus after the demonetization of high-denomination notes by the Janata Party. By 1996, the Mahatma Gandhi Series of notes was launched, making Gandhi the permanent face on all Indian currency denominations. These notes also incorporated enhanced security features, such as watermarks and security threads.

Proposals to Feature Other Leaders on Indian Currency

In recent years, various groups have called for replacing Gandhi’s image with other prominent Indian figures on banknotes. Some have proposed leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, and Sardar Patel, while others have suggested religious deities like Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha.

In 2016, when asked if the government planned to replace Gandhi’s photo on currency notes, Minister of State for Finance, Arjun Ram Meghwal, clarified, “A committee was formed during the UPA which has already decided that there is no need to change Mahatma Gandhi’s photo on the currency notes.” Then Finance Minister Arun Jaitley also stated that any changes to currency designs are decided by the government in consultation with the RBI.

There was even a question about featuring Dr. B.R. Ambedkar on a coin or note to commemorate his 125th birth anniversary. Meghwal responded that the government had already issued a non-circulation commemorative coin of Rs. 125 and a Rs. 10 circulation coin to mark the occasion, released by the Prime Minister on December 6, 2015.

Recent Controversies and Proposals

In 2022, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) stirred controversy by suggesting that images of Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha be included on Indian currency to bring prosperity to the nation. This proposal sparked significant debate, with opposition leaders and the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) condemning the idea.

Two years earlier, Mahatma Gandhi’s great-grandson, Tushar Gandhi, expressed disappointment when Bapu’s image was not included on the digital rupee design. In a tweet, he criticized the RBI and the government for overlooking Gandhi in the design of the digital currency.

‘Gandhi is Inescapable’

American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. once famously said, “Gandhi was inevitable. If humanity is to progress, Gandhi is inescapable. We may ignore him at our own risk.” This statement resonates with the continued relevance of Gandhi’s image and ideals in India today. From being featured on currency—the very object people seek the most—to symbolizing peace, non-violence, and social justice, Gandhi’s influence remains deeply embedded in the nation’s identity.

PM Modi Pays Tribute to Mahatma Gandhi and Lal Bahadur Shastri

October 2, 2024, 8:23 am

On Wednesday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, and Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat in New Delhi, marking his 155th birth anniversary.

In a post on X, PM Modi expressed heartfelt tributes to Gandhi, highlighting the enduring influence of Bapu’s principles of truth, harmony, and equality, which continue to inspire the nation. “On behalf of all countrymen, I salute Pujya Bapu on his birth anniversary. His life and ideals will forever inspire the people of India,” he wrote.

The Prime Minister also honored former Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri on his birth anniversary, stating, “Respectful tribute to former Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, who dedicated his life to the ‘jawan’, ‘kisan’, and ‘swabhiman’ of our country.”

Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated annually to commemorate Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as the ‘Father of the Nation.’ This day is recognized as a national holiday, with the entire nation paying homage to Gandhi.

Born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat, Mahatma Gandhi was a leader of non-violent resistance in the struggle against British colonial rule, demonstrating remarkable patience, which ultimately contributed to India’s independence in 1947.

Lal Bahadur Shastri, born in 1904 in Uttar Pradesh, served as India’s second Prime Minister from 1964 to 1966. He passed away in Tashkent on January 11, 1966, shortly after signing the Tashkent Pact with Pakistan at the age of 61. A visionary leader, Shastri was deeply influenced by Gandhi’s political teachings and effectively communicated with the people, steering the nation towards progress.

Anupam Kher’s Image Misused in Fake Currency Scam

September 30, 2024, 12:35 pm

Actor Anupam Kher’s likeness to Mahatma Gandhi has taken an unusual turn, as scammers have replaced Gandhi’s image with Kher’s on counterfeit currency. Police in Gujarat seized fake currency notes totaling ₹1.60 crore, all featuring Kher’s face. This operation revealed the extent of the counterfeit scheme, which surfaced following the dismantling of a fake currency manufacturing unit in Surat, where four individuals were arrested on September 22.

Connection to ‘Farzi’ Series

According to Police Commissioner Rajdeep Nukum, the counterfeit currency operation appears to have been inspired by Shahid Kapoor’s series, “Farzi.” In addition to Kher’s image, the fraudulent notes featured the fictional “Resole Bank Of India” instead of the correct “Reserve Bank of India,” highlighting the amateur nature of the forgery.

Kher’s Response and Upcoming Projects

As of now, Anupam Kher has not commented on this bizarre situation. On the professional front, he is set to appear in Kangana Ranaut’s film “Emergency.” Initially scheduled for release on September 6, the film has faced challenges with the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC), which has withheld certification pending cuts. During the last hearing at the Bombay High Court, the CBFC indicated that they would approve “Emergency” only if certain edits were made. The filmmakers have requested additional time to consider these changes, with the next court hearing planned for today, September 30.

PM Modi Pays Floral Tributes to Mahatma Gandhi Statue During Ukraine Visit

August 23, 2024, 3:09 pm

Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid floral tributes to Mahatma Gandhi in Kyiv, Ukraine, on Friday as part of his landmark visit. This is the first visit by an Indian Prime Minister to Ukraine since diplomatic relations were established between the two nations.

PM Modi, along with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, also honored the Memory of Children at the Martyrologist Exposition in the Ukraine National Museum in Kyiv. The tribute commemorates children who lost their lives during Russia’s full-scale invasion.

The bronze statue of Mahatma Gandhi at the AV Fomin Botanical Garden in Kyiv, where Modi laid the wreath, was unveiled in 2020 on the occasion of Gandhi’s 151st birth anniversary. The statue stands as a symbol of Gandhi’s enduring principles of peace and non-violence.

The Ukraine National Museum exhibition, where the ceremony was held, showcases documents and artifacts from major military conflicts of the 20th and 21st centuries, highlighting Ukraine’s struggle for freedom, independence, and cultural identity.

Following the tribute, PM Modi will proceed to the Mariinskyi Palace, where he will be officially welcomed by President Zelenskyy. The two leaders are expected to hold a restricted meeting to discuss key bilateral issues, followed by high-level delegation talks. The meetings will culminate in the signing of agreements to formalize cooperation between India and Ukraine.

Earlier in the day, PM Modi received a warm reception from the Indian community at the Hyatt Hotel in Kyiv. Students and members of the diaspora gathered to greet the Prime Minister with enthusiasm.

Modi expressed his gratitude on social media, posting on X, “Reached Kyiv earlier this morning. The Indian community accorded a very warm welcome.”

The visit is seen as a significant diplomatic move amidst ongoing regional conflicts, highlighting India’s outreach and support to Ukraine.

Maharashtra CM pays tribute at Gandhi Smriti Stambh on August Kranti Diwas

August 9, 2024, 11:39 am

On the occasion of August Kranti Diwas, Maharashtra Chief Minister Eknath Shinde on Friday paid floral tribute at Gandhi Smriti Stambh in August Kranti Maidan, Mumbai.

August Kranti Diwas marks the anniversary of the Quit India Movement, this year marks the 82nd anniversary of the movement.

The Quit India Movement, also known as the “Bharat Chodo Andolan”, was started by Mahatma Gandhi on August 9, 1942, during the Second World War, demanding an end to British rule in India, as per the Ministry of Culture.

Earlier today, Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute to freedom fighters who participated in the ‘Quit India Movement’ led by Mahatma Gandhi.

PM Modi also emphasised the movement’s significant role in India’s struggle for independence from colonial rule.

“Homage to all those who took part in the Quit India Movement under Bapu’s leadership. It was truly a watershed moment in our freedom struggle,” PM Modi said in a post on X.

He also shared his thoughts through a video message on the occasion. In the video message, he said, “Today, India is saying in one voice: Corruption Quit India. Dynasty Quit India. Appeasement Quit India,” he said in a video posted on X.

The Quit India Movement of 1942 is significant, especially because it brought home to the British that it would not be possible to continue to govern India and forced them to think of ways they could exit the country.

The Movement was accompanied by a mass protest on non-violent lines by which Mahatma Gandhi called for “an orderly British withdrawal; from India.” Through his speeches, Gandhi moved people by proclaiming that “every Indian who desires freedom and strives for it must be his own guide.”

On this day in 1942, Gandhi gave the clarion call of “Do or Die” to all Indians to drive away Britishers from the country. The movement had begun from Gawalia Tank in Mumbai.

Jaishankar Unveils Mahatma Gandhi Bust In Tokyo, Highlights His Messages

July 28, 2024, 2:09 pm

External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar emphasized the timeless relevance of Mahatma Gandhi’s messages, stating that solutions do not come from a battlefield and that no era should be an era of war. Jaishankar made these remarks on Sunday during the unveiling of a bust of Gandhi at Freedom Plaza in Edogawa, Tokyo. He highlighted the ongoing significance of Gandhi’s teachings in today’s world, which is rife with conflict, polarization, and bloodshed. Jaishankar noted, “Gandhiji’s message was that solutions do not come from a battlefield, that no era should be an era of war. And that message applies today as much as it did 80 years ago.”

Advocate of Sustainable Growth

Jaishankar also underscored Gandhi’s foresight regarding sustainability and green growth, calling him the original prophet of sustainable development. He pointed out that Gandhi’s advocacy for living in harmony with nature is increasingly relevant in contemporary discussions on climate change and sustainability. “The message of Gandhiji, that it is not just something for governments to do, but for everybody to do in their personal life, is something which again we pass on,” Jaishankar said.

Strengthening India-Japan Relations

During the event, Jaishankar acknowledged the significance of Edogawa Ward’s decision to build a relationship with India by erecting the statue of Mahatma Gandhi. He noted that Gandhi is not only the father of the Indian nation but also a global icon whose achievements and messages continue to resonate worldwide. “The achievements of Mahatma Gandhi have far outlived his own times, with the passage of time they have got more and more importance,” he said. Jaishankar also highlighted the vibrant Indian community in Tokyo, which gathers in large numbers at Edogawa, and expressed hope that this event would further strengthen the bonds between India and Japan.

Impact of Gandhi’s Legacy

Reflecting on Gandhi’s impact, Jaishankar remarked that without Gandhi, India’s independence struggle might have taken a different direction or a much longer path. He credited India’s independence as the catalyst for the decolonization of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. “When India became free, other parts of Asia became free, Africa became free, Latin America became free,” he said, adding that India’s current status as the world’s fifth-largest economy and the evolving global multipolarity can be traced back to Gandhi’s historical contributions.

Statues Of Mahatma Gandhi, Chhattrapati Shivaji, BR Ambedkar Relocated Within Parliament, Congress Reacts

June 6, 2024, 6:09 pm

The Congress party attacked the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) after statues of Mahatma Gandhi, B R Ambedkar, Chhatrapati Shivaji and others were relocated within the premises of the Parliament. The statues were moved due to a landscaping exercise, part of a redevelopment project.

In addition to Gandhi, Shivaji, and Ambedkar, the statues of tribal leader Birsa Munda and warrior king Maharana Pratap have also been relocated to a lawn situated between the old Parliament building and the Parliament Library. As a result, all statues within the Parliament campus are now situated in the same area.

The Congress party slammed the move to relocate the statues of prominent leader, calling the project as “atrocious”.

Congress general secretary Jairam Ramesh said on X, “Statues of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Mahatma Gandhi, and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar have just been removed from their places of prominence in front of the Parliament House. This is atrocious.”

Statues of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Mahatma Gandhi, and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar have just been removed from their places of prominence in front of the Parliament House. This is atrocious. pic.twitter.com/NA12QjCBAK

— Jairam Ramesh (@Jairam_Ramesh) June 6, 2024

Pawan Khera, head of the Congress’s media and publicity department, criticized the BJP, alleging that following unfavourable election results in Maharashtra, the party relocated the statues of Shivaji and Ambedkar from their original location in Parliament. He also claimed that after the BJP’s less-than-expected performance in Gujarat, they moved the statue of Mahatma Gandhi from its original position in Parliament.

“Just think, if they had been given 400 seats, would they have spared the Constitution?” Khera said in a post in Hindi on X.

▪️अयोध्या ने भाजपा को हराया तो ये लोग राम भक्तों को गरियाने लगे।
▪️महाराष्ट्र के वोटर्स ने भाजपा को वोट नहीं दिया तो संसद में छत्रपति शिवाजी महाराज और बाबा साहिब अंबेडकर की मूर्तियाँ अपने मूल स्थान से हटा दीं।
▪️गुजरात में इन्हें 26/26 सीटें नहीं मिलीं तो महात्मा गांधी की मूर्ति… https://t.co/53QWiLr3iL

— Pawan Khera ?? (@Pawankhera) June 6, 2024

Parliament Redevelopment Project Underway

The Parliament is undergoing a redevelopment project aimed at refurbishing the premises in preparation for the inaugural session of newly elected MPs. By June, the Parliament will showcase a transformed appearance as efforts are underway to seamlessly integrate the entire complex, comprising four distinct buildings.

As part of the external area redevelopment, statues of national icons, including Gandhi, Shivaji, and Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, have been relocated to a lawn near Gate No. 5 of the old Parliament building, now designated as Samvidhan Sadan. This move was made to create a spacious lawn in front of Gaja Dwar, the entrance frequently used by the President and the Prime Minister to access the new Parliament building.

Watch: Delhi CM Kejriwal Pays Homage To Mahatma Gandhi At Raj Ghat Before His Tihar Jail Arrival

June 2, 2024, 3:57 pm

Delhi Chief Minister and Aam Aadmi Party leader Arvind Kejriwal paid homage to Mahatma Gandhi at the Raj Ghat on Sunday before visiting the Hanuman temple in Connaught Place and ultimately surrendering at Tihar Jail. Accompanying him were his wife Sunita Kejriwal, Delhi ministers Atishi, Saurabh Bharadwaj, Raghav Chadha, Kailash Gahlot, and other AAP leaders.

Watch:-

#WATCH | Delhi CM and AAP national convener Arvind Kejriwal, his wife Sunita Kejriwal and AAP leaders pay tribute to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat ahead of Arvind Kejriwal’s surrender at the Tihar Jail at the end of his interim bail by Supreme Court to campaign for the Lok Sabha… pic.twitter.com/YRADGkbQqE

— ANI (@ANI) June 2, 2024

Kejriwal, who was granted interim bail by the Supreme Court for campaigning in the Lok Sabha elections until May 10, was ordered to surrender to Tihar Jail on June 2. Expressing gratitude to the Supreme Court for the interim bail, Kejriwal acknowledged, “I came out for an election campaign for 21 days on the orders of the Hon’ble Supreme Court. I am very grateful to the Hon’ble Supreme Court. Today I will surrender by going to Tihar.”

Detailing his itinerary for the day, Kejriwal shared, “I will leave home at 3 pm. First, I will go to Rajghat and pay tribute to Mahatma Gandhi. From there, I will go to the Hanuman temple in Connaught Place to seek the blessings of Hanuman Ji. And from there, I will go to the party office and meet all the workers and party leaders. From there, I will again leave for Tihar.” He concluded with a message to his supporters, saying, “All of you take care of yourselves. If you are happy, then your Kejriwal will also be happy in jail.”

Despite his earlier plea for an extension of interim bail being rejected by the Supreme Court, and the Delhi Rouse Avenue Court reserving the order on his interim bail plea due to medical reasons in the money laundering case related to the alleged excise policy scam, Kejriwal remained resolute. He posted an emotional video message, stating, “The 21 days are getting over; I have to surrender. I don’t know how long they will keep me in jail this time. But my spirits are high. I am going to jail to save the country from dictatorship. I am proud of this. They tried to break me many times, tried to make me bow down but I didn’t.”

Arrested by the Enforcement Directorate on March 21 in connection with a money laundering investigation concerning alleged irregularities in the now-cancelled Delhi excise policy 2021-22, Kejriwal’s legal battles have continued unabated.

Current political class needs to draw lessons from Gandhi, Nehru

May 27, 2024, 3:22 am

Both Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru believed in writing and airing their differences out in the open often in rather acrimonious ways.

Nehru, twenty years younger and a self-confessed disciple of Gandhi, had serious differences with Gandhi’s approach towards village economy, non-violence, religion and economic thinking. In 1945 when the freedom of the country was in sight, Gandhi wrote to him saying, “I believe that if India is to attain true freedom…then sooner or later we will have to live in villages in huts, not in palaces…the essence of what I say is that the things required for human life must be individually controlled by every person; the individual can not be saved without this control” (page 14 in Tendulkar D G’s Mahatma, Vol VII, Times of India Press, Bombay).

As if speaking from a position of strength in anticipation of becoming prime minister of independent India, Nehru was quick to retort in some strong language, “It is many years ago that I read Hind Swaraj and I have only a vague picture in my mind. But even when I read it 20 or more years ago, it seemed to me completely unreal…it has been 38 years since Hind Swaraj was written. The World has completely changed since then, possibly in the wrong direction…A village, normally speaking, is backward intellectually and culturally and no progress can be made from a backward environment. Narrow minded people are much more likely to be untruthful and violent” (page 516 An Autobiography by Jawaharlal Nehru Oxford University Press)

More barbs followed as Nehru went on to say, “….It seems inevitable that modern means of transport as well as many other modern developments must continue and he developed. There is no way out except to have them. If this is so, inevitably a measure of heavy industries exists. How far will that fit in with a purely village society?” Nehru asked, reminding his mentor, “As you know, the Congress has never considered that (Hind Swaraj) picture, much less adopted it. You yourself have never asked to adopt it except for some relatively minor aspects.” It may be noted that throughout his political life, Gandhi did not hold any formal position in the Congress organisation.

For Gandhi, non-violence was a weapon of the strong and a non-negotiable political expression that had to be practised under all circumstances. “Liberty and democracy become unholy when their hands are dyed red with innocent blood.” (page 70, New Directions Publishing) But his political heir had a different take. Nehru wrote, “Violence is the very lifeblood of the modern state and social system. Without the coercive apparatus of the state, taxes would not be realized, landlords would not get their rents and property would disappear” ( page 540 An Autobiography by Jawaharlal Nehru Oxford University Press). Nehru also had no qualms in telling Gandhi how “Democracy indeed means the coercion of the minority by the majority” [the expression majority and minority was in the context of numerical strength than religious identity of communities]

Gandhi wrote to Agatha Harrison on April 30, 1936 stating, “But Jawaharlal’s way is not my way. I accept his ideas about land etc. But I do not accept practically any of his methods” (cited in Jawaharlal Nehru’s A Bunch of Old letters, Asia Publication House). Gandhi did not approve of Nehruvian thrust on socialism or planning for the growth of a backward economy. Barely hiding his disapproval, Gandhi wrote, “In my opinion, his planning is a waste of effort. But he can not be satisfied with anything that is not big.”

When Nehru wrote two letters explaining his aggressive pro-socialist leanings, Gandhi sent him a sharp rejoinder of sorts that read, “The differences between you and me are so vast and radical that there seems to be no meeting ground between us. I can not conceal from you my grief that I should lose a comrade so valiant, so faithful, so able and so honest as you have always been; but in serving a cause, comrade ships have to be sacrificed. ((page 57 in Jawaharlal Nehru’s A Bunch of Old letters, Asia Publication House)

At a time when the nation is collectively celebrating Amritkal of the country’s independence from the British Raj, the current political class needs to draw some lessons from Gandhi and Nehru in candidly articulating their differences. Tendulkar has quoted Gandhi on Nehru as saying, “He says he does not understand my language, that he speaks language foreign to me. This may or may not be true. But language is no bar to union of hearts. And I know this –that when I am gone he will speak my language.” [page 43; Tendulkar D G’s Mahatma, Vol VII, Times of India Press, Bombay).

Why political parties that rely on caste mobilisation fail

May 13, 2024, 4:04 am

Changing public aspirations and developmental desire of the people are key factors

There is a dominant view among public, politicians, academicians and media that Indian election is all about managing the caste. This political management of caste is being named as social engineering in contemporary discourse.

This is election time in the country. These days terms like caste equations and social engineering are frequently being used during discussions on election. But these terms are mostly used by journalist, academics and political class. The people at the grass root hardly use such terms in their everyday use while discussing politics and elections. Most of the people either talk abut Neta(leaders), political parties or about the welfare schemes.

The caste is half truth either in social life or in politics. It works more as perceptions than reality. When I am submitting it’s more perception’ than reality, I want to say that caste may or may not work as main influential factor in many cases during elections. The popularity of the leaders, success of programmes and policies which work for broader public, dilute rigidity of caste during elections many times.

The popularity as a term and process itself use to minimise any kind of rigid caste or community identity. The very popular leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Narendra Modi emerge through making caste irrelevant in politics. They emerge leaders of large section of society, beyond the caste and community. Leaders like Nehru who belonged from Kashmiri brahmin family, in fact a minority, PM Modi who belongs from a family of Gujarati non dominant other backward caste, emerged as iconic leader and largely accepted by people of various castes, communities and regions.

It is interesting to observe that caste sustains in society and politics not through its rigidity but its flexibility. Due to its social flexibility, caste in politics and especially during elections forms alliance with other caste very easily and comfortably on many occasions.

Since election in democracy is determined by numbers, so every caste asserts its numerical power and includes its sub-castes to whom they use to keep distance in the social life. So, politics of democracy in one way keep promoting flexibility and dilute various kinds of caste-based rigidity while forming and reforming electoral groups during elections.

These realignment among caste and social groups in politics and election slowly evolves bhayichara among various caste groups based on political requirements and readjustment. But also, in this process, some dominant caste groups emerge as dominant by including small sub-castes of their own’ caste family’.

In this process, slowly these small subcastes also acquire political visibility and democratic value. Around two decades ago, when we use to go to the field, we use to hear various sub-castes of yadavas, but now its rare to listen such sub-caste based division while discussing politics in rural hamlets of North India.

To assert numbers, the leading section of these communities included their own sub-castes politically and that produced a political homogenisation of various sub castes of respective dominant castes. This process earlier started among upper castes and slowly transmitted to the dominant OBC communities.

Like Yadava, this process also started among the communities like Kurmi, Kushwaha, Nishad, etc. in Northern part of India. But interestingly in initial phases of such homogenisation, the share in political representation largely remained centralised among numerically dominant sub castes of the respective caste. Slowly it trickled down to the smaller subcastes also.

The caste who gets socio-economic mobility, consequently, acquires capacity to aspire for their share in political power undergoes through the process of political homogenisation because that caste or social group need to claim for higher numerical strength. To increase its number, the caste includes its subcastes, who were differentiated on certain historical juncture- based on various occupation. The claim of various castes in many parts of India about their numbers today which we listen in deliberations of the leaders in these castes or social groups are basically emerged from this democracy produced phenomenon of political homogenisation. Most of these numbers of castes and communities which we hear have no concrete factual basis, they are also evolved either on assumption-based calculation or perceptional counting. Since we don’t have caste-based census in India, that is why these calculations contains huge speculative elements.

In the planning and management of parliamentary election 2024 these caste calculations play crucial role. These numbers and calculations have influenced the ticket distributions of various political parties in big way. The Congress and I.N.D.I. alliance have made caste as central discourse in this election, but they miss the fact that caste is half reality of Indian politics. Half-truth in both ways –in terms of its structure as well as functions.
That is why political forces who rely heavily on caste mobilisation in politics, most of the time fail in getting favourable results in politics of elections. The caste combining with other factors such as changing public aspirations and developmental desire of the people may help in effective mobilisation in democratic electoral politics in India.

Airing differences without being acrimonious

May 7, 2024, 3:53 am

Both Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru believed in writing and airing their differences out in the open often in rather acrimonious ways.

For Gandhi, non violence was a weapon of the strong and a non-negotiable political expression that had to be practised under all circumstances. “Liberty and democracy become unholy when their hands are dyed red with innocent blood.” (page 70, New Directions Publishing) But his political heir had a different take. Nehru wrote, “Violence is the very lifeblood of the modern state and social system. Without the coercive apparatus of the state, taxes would not be realized, landlords would not get their rents and property would disappear” ( page 540 An Autobiography by Jawaharlal Nehru Oxford University Press). Nehru also had no qualms in telling Gandhi how “Democracy indeed means the coercion of the minority by the majority” [the expression majority and minority was in the context of numerical strength than religious identity of communities]

When Nehru wrote two letters explaining his aggressive pro-socialist leanings, Gandhi sent him a sharp rejoinder of sorts that read, “The differences between you and me are so vast and radical that there seems to be no meeting ground between us. I can not conceal from you my grief that I should lose a comrade so valiant, so faithful, so able and so honest as you have always been; but in serving a cause, comradeships have to be sacrificed. ((page 57 in Jawaharlal Nehru’s A Bunch of Old letters, Asia Publication House)

Bhutan PM pays tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat

March 15, 2024, 2:45 pm

During his visit to New Delhi, Bhutan’s Prime Minister, Tshering Tobgay, paid his respects to Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, at Rajghat, in a gesture of reverence and respect. He laid floral wreaths at the memorial site where Gandhi was cremated.

“Honouring the legacy of Bapu & his universal ideals! PM @tsheringtobgay of Bhutan paid floral tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat,” said Randhir Jaiswal, the official spokesperson of the Ministry of External Affairs, in a post on X.

Tobgay’s visit to India marks his first overseas visit since assuming office in February 2024. He met with Prime Minister Narendra Modi in the national capital on Thursday. During the meeting, Tobgay extended an invitation on behalf of the King of Bhutan to Prime Minister Modi to visit Bhutan next week, which was accepted by the Prime Minister.

Both leaders reviewed progress in various areas of bilateral partnership, including infrastructure development, connectivity, energy, hydropower cooperation, people-to-people exchanges, and development cooperation. They reaffirmed their commitment to further strengthen the special and unique friendship between India and Bhutan.

“The Prime Minister of Bhutan conveyed his deep appreciation for India’s role as a reliable, trusted, and valued partner in Bhutan’s developmental priorities,” the press release stated.

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar also met with Bhutan’s Prime Minister Tobgay, expressing his appreciation for Tobgay’s leadership in advancing the ties between the two nations.

Accompanying Tobgay were Bhutan’s Foreign Affairs and External Trade Minister, Energy and Natural Resources Minister, Industry, Commerce and Employment Minister, and senior officials.

During his visit, Tobgay is scheduled to travel to Mumbai as well. India and Bhutan share exemplary ties of friendship and cooperation, based on trust, goodwill, and mutual understanding at all levels.

The visit by the Bhutanese PM provides an opportunity for both sides to review the progress in their partnership and to discuss ways to expand their enduring friendship and cooperation. The tradition of regular political and official exchanges is a significant hallmark of the special ties between the two countries, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) stated.

India completes same number of cashless transactions in a month as US does in three years, according to EAM Jaishankar

January 22, 2024, 9:02 am

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, in a discussion with the Indian community in Nigeria, drew a parallel to illustrate India’s remarkable progress in digital public infrastructure, stating, “The number of cashless transactions the United States does in three years, India does in a month.” Emphasizing the widespread embrace of technology in India, he noted the significant reduction in cash transactions, highlighting that the country now achieves as many cashless payments in a month as the United States accomplishes in three years.

Jaishankar went on to highlight five key examples illustrating India’s transformative journey over the past decade. He underscored how the country effectively addressed challenges, rebounded economically, improved the lives of its citizens, gained global recognition, and demonstrated commitment to its diaspora.

Commending India’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic, Jaishankar expressed optimism and pride in the nation’s resilience. He noted that despite initial skepticism, India successfully navigated the waves of Covid, implemented lockdowns, and even began manufacturing medicines for global distribution. He lauded the efforts to repatriate seven million Indian citizens stranded abroad during the pandemic.

Jaishankar asserted India’s status as the fastest-growing economy globally and highlighted the positive shift in business sentiment toward New Delhi, leading to a record influx of investments. He observed the tangible signs of progress across the country, with ongoing projects in infrastructure development, such as metros, roads, airports, and railways. The minister remarked on the sense of rapid development prevailing in India, encompassing not only construction projects but also reflecting in the increased flow of investments and improved business sentiment.

During his visit to Nigeria, Jaishankar will co-chair the 6th India-Nigeria Joint Commission Meeting and engage with various leaders. Additionally, he will inaugurate the 3rd edition of the Nigeria-India Business Council meeting, address the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, interact with CII Business delegates, and unveil the bust of Mahatma Gandhi. The EAM will also preside over the regional conference of Indian Heads of Missions, reinforcing the traditionally close and friendly relations between India and Nigeria. This visit is expected to further enhance bilateral ties between the two nations.

Rajasthan CM Gehlot “People should take inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi’s life”

October 2, 2023, 1:12 pm

On the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, Rajasthan Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot presented flowers to Mahatma Gandhi in Jaipur and urged people to draw inspiration from his example. “On the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, I wish everyone a happy and healthy new year. Gandhi ji will live on for millennia… Gandhi Ji is one of the world’s greatest leaders, and our nation should be proud that he is revered everywhere. People ought to be inspired by his life, said CM Gehlot. Mallikarjun Kharge, the leader of the opposition in the Rajya Sabha and president of the Congress, paid tribute to Gandhi earlier today at Rajghat. In addition, Mahatma Gandhi received tributes from Prime Minister Narendra Modi, President Droupadi Murmu, and Vice President Jagdeep Dhankar.

Mahatma Gandhi’s impact is global, said PM Modi in a post on X, today while also urging to work towards fulfilling Gandhi’s dreams.
Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla and Delhi Lieutenant Governor LG Saxena also paid tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat on the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti.
On Sunday, on the eve of Gandhi Jayanti, President Droupadi Murmu extended her greetings to citizens and appealed to people to follow his values and teachings in their thoughts, speech, and actions, dedicating themselves to the welfare of the country.

Gandhi Jayanti 2023: Anupam Kher, Abhishek Bachchan Remember Mahatma Gandhi

October 2, 2023, 12:47 pm

On the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, Bollywood celebs including Anupam Kher, Sidharth Malhotra, Abhishek Bachchan and others remembered our Father of the Nation and took to their respective social media handles to mark this occasion.

Veteran actor Anupam Kher shared portraits of Bapu and Lal Bahadur Shastri on Instagram.

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A post shared by Anupam Kher (@anupampkher)

Sharing the pictures, he wrote “Best wishes to all of you on the occasion of Gandhiji and Shastri ji’s birth anniversary! Both great leaders have contributed significance in different aspects of my life. Hail India! #LalBahadurShastri #MahatmaGandhi #LalBahadurShastri.”

Mahesh Babu wrote, “Happy Gandhi Jayanti.”

Have a look

Ajay Devgn posted a picture of Mahatma Gandhi With ‘De Di Hame Aazadi Bina Khadag Bina Dhal’ song by Asha Bhosle in the background.

Madhuri Dixit marked this ocassing by using Bapu’s quote, she posted, “As per Mahatma Gandhi, “Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will.” May we all have the strength and courage to achieve our dreams.”

Abhishek Bachchan shared a picture of Bapu with his quote on it “IN DOING SOMETHING, DO IT WITH LOVE OR NEVER DO IT AT ALL.”

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A post shared by Abhishek Bachchan (@bachchan)

He captioned the post, “His words continue to resonate, a wisdom that remains relevant and profound to this day.#GandhiJayanti.”

Rakul Preet Singh wrote, “HAPPINESS IS WHEN WHAT YOU THINK, WHAT YOU SAY, AND WHAT YOU DO ARE IN HARMONY” HAPPY GANDHI JAYANTI.”

Sidharth Malhotra dropped a college of Gandhi’s picture and captioned his post, “HAPPY
GANDHI JAYANTI. “The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.”
Further extending the wishes, Anushka Sharma wrote, “Happy Gandhi Jayanti.”

Japan: PM Modi To Unveil Mahatma Gandhi Statue in Hiroshima

May 19, 2023, 2:04 pm

During his three-day visit to Japan, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will unveil a statue of Mahatma Gandhi in Hiroshima. PM Modi expressed his anticipation for the G7 Summit, where he plans to exchange views on global challenges and the collective efforts required to address them.

In a statement, PM Modi mentioned his scheduled bilateral meetings with leaders attending the Hiroshima G7 Summit, including Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, whom he looks forward to meeting. The city of Hiroshima holds historical significance as it was targeted in the world’s first nuclear attack on August 6, 1945, resulting in the loss of approximately 140,000 lives and widespread destruction. As part of the Summit itinerary, PM Modi and other world leaders will pay homage to the victims by visiting a peace memorial in Hiroshima. The statue of Mahatma Gandhi, to be unveiled by PM Modi, symbolizes a message of peace, reflecting Gandhi’s belief that non-violence is the key to saving the world.

Following his visit to Japan, PM Modi will travel to Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea to co-host the third summit of the Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC) on May 22, alongside Prime Minister James Marape.

Rahul Gandhi is Mahatma Gandhi of modern India, says Congress’ Amitesh Shukla

April 6, 2023, 12:52 pm

In the midst of protests over Congress leader Rahul Gandhi’s disqualification, Congress MLA Amitesh Shukla referred to the former Wayanad MP Gandhi as the Mahatma Gandhi of modern India.

Shukla, who won the 2018 assembly elections with the largest margin of victory, claimed several parallels between Mahatma Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi.

While Conversing to media Shukla said, “Rahul Gandhi is the Mahatma Gandhi of modern India. He has a lot of similarities with Mahatma Gandhi. Rahul Gandhi did Bharat Jodo Yatra whereas Mahatma Gandhi did the Dandi march back then.”

He called Rahul ‘Rashtriya Putra’ (son of the nation). Shukla added “I made this statement very responsibly. I belong to a family of freedom fighters.

“The things I have heard from my father (Shyama Charan Shukla, former chief minister of undivided Madhya Pradesh) as well as uncle (senior Congress leader Vidya Charan Shukla) about Mahatma Gandhi, I feel there are several similarities between Mahatma Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi.”

He also stated that Mahatma Gandhi could have become India’s first Prime Minister, but he did not. Similarly, Rahul Gandhi had the opportunity to become Prime Minister in 2004 and 2008, but he did not. For example, Mahatma Gandhi marched several kilometres during the ‘Dandi March,’ and the former national president of the party walked across the country and interacted with people during the Bharat Jodo Yatra.

Monuments in India associated with freedom struggle

November 23, 2022, 6:39 pm

India celebrated its 76th Independence Day on 15 August 2022 and marked its 75 years of freedom. Throughout the country from Champaran to Dandi and Chennai, there are many monuments associated with the freedom struggle. Let’s take a trip to the five monuments in India that are associated with the freedom struggle and pay homage to the ones who died to give us freedom.

Red Fort, Delhi

Since the time Red Fort is built, it is the symbol of Indian power. Red Fort is built by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan which is built with red sandstone and stood many onslaughts since the British came to India. After the Mughal ruler Britishers took this fort and turned it into their army headquarters. But on 15 August 1947 India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, hoisted the national flag and since then the tradition has been made and every year Prime Minister of India hoists the flag.

Cellular Jail, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Based on Jeremy Bentham’s idea of the Panopticon the jail was constructed between 1896 and 1906. Since 1857 British used the island as a prison and many freedom fighters like Vinayak Damodar Savarkar were prisoned now this island is a freedom landmark.

Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre which happened on 13 April 1919 still boils every Indian’s blood. In the incident, more than 1000 men, women, and children were killed on the order of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer. After the death of 1000 people the whole nation woke up and spearheaded many movements. Now the garden is a memorial and is visited by thousands of people every year.

Sabarmati/Gandhi Ashram, Ahmedabad

Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi devoted his life to the country and fighting against the Britishers. After returning from South Africa in 1915 Gandhi made his ashram on the same principles in Ahmedabad. Sabarmati/Gandhi Ashram saw many movements and the Gandhi Salt March of 1930 was one. Meanwhile, now memories of M.K. Gandhi are preserved in the ashram.

Netaji Bhawan in Kolkata

Netaji Bhawan or house museum is made at Bose’s brother’s residence from where Subhas Chandra Bose made his great escape from house arrest in January 1941. The house museum celebrated the life and the vision of the independence struggle which is associated with Subash Chandra Bose.

‘Rahul Gandhi nowhere in the poll-bound states’, says Anurag Thakur

November 19, 2022, 11:51 am

Firing a salvo on Congress leader Rahul Gandhi Union Minister for Information and Broadcasting Anurag Thakur said, the absence of Rahul Gandhi from poll-bound states is “bizarre”.

“It’s bizarre to see Rahul Gandhi nowhere in the poll-bound states! They know they are going to lose so they will put the blame on the new party president and not the first family,” Union minister Thakur said.

Meanwhile, ahead of assembly elections in Gujarat Union Minister Thakur also praised the ruling BJP-ruled Gujarat government and said in Gujarat BJP will win with a big majority.

Moreover, taking a dig at the Congress Thakur further said, “Congress footprint is shrinking and that’s why they’re not to be seen anywhere. We want to know if Rahul Gandhi is missing from the poll-bound state is Ranneeti (strategy) or the new Rajneeti.”

Earlier on Friday Union Minister Anurag Thakur slammed Congress leader Rahul Gandhi and said with ‘tukde tukde gang’ the Congress leader is doing Bharat Jodo Yatra.

“Rahul Gandhi doing Bharat Jodo Yatra with ‘tukde tukde gang’. He spoke about Hindu terror, stood with people who tried to divide India in JNU, and now he’s raising questions on Veer Savarkar. It’s Congres’ mentality, they don’t see anything beyond one family,” Anurag Thakur said.

Anurag Thakur also criticized ‘Bharat Jodo Yatra’ and said, “Who participated in the yatra with Rahul Gandhi from day one? Those who think of dividing the country. Those who used to raise slogans to divide the country… Will these people who want to erase the name of the country, join the Bharat Jodo Yatra?”

However, Thakur also lashed Congress for insulting Sardar Patel and Dr. BR Ambedkar and said the people of Gujarat will not accept those who insult Veer Savarkar.

“Under Congress rule, they talked of Hindu terrorism. In 70 years Congress made the country forget about Sardar Patel and Dr. BR Ambedkar was not recognized but insulted by Congress. People of Gujarat won’t accept those who insult Veer Savarkar, a party that walks with the ‘tukde-tukde’ gang,” Thakur said.

Furthermore, Rahul Gandhi on Thursday lashed Veer Savarkar for betraying leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Sardar Patel by signing an apology letter to the British.

‘Savarkar helped the British’, says Rahul Gandhi of betraying leaders MK Gandhi, Nehru

November 17, 2022, 5:07 pm

Congress leader Rahul Gandhi again lashed Veer Savarkar for betraying leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Sardar Patel by signing an apology letter to the British.

During the Bharat Jodo Yatra, Rahul Gandhi addressed the media and said, “Veer Savarkar, in a letter written to the British, said “Sir, I beg to remain your most obedient servant” and signed on it. Savarkar helped the British. He betrayed leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Sardar Patel by signing the letter out of fear.”

Meanwhile, the Congress leader also hit out at the BJP and said the government failed to give jobs to the youth of the country.

“I see two big problems- youths don’t have the assurance of getting jobs and farmers don’t get support from anywhere. The third is interlinked- people are paying for education and health as govt schools, colleges and hospitals are shutting, so where is the money going?” Rahul Gandhi said.

On the occasion of Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas during the Bharat Jodo Yatra Rahul Gandhi attended Tribal Convention on Tuesday and said, “In Andaman jail, Savarkar wrote a letter and told the British to forgive him and release him from jail. Veer Savarkar took a pension from the British, he worked against Congress. After coming out of jail he accepted the British proposal and joined their force. The difference between Savarkar and Birsa Munda is, he fought against the British when he was 24 years old.

Moreover, the grandson of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar Ranjit Savarkar said he will be filing a complaint against Congress leader Rahul Gandhi at Shivaji Park Police Station in Mumbai for insulting Savarkar.

Talking to the media Savarkar said, “It is not the first time Rahul Gandhi and Congress have insulted Savarkar. In the past too, they have insulted Savarkar, so I have decided to file a complaint against Rahul Gandhi at Shivaji Park police station.”

“I will file a complaint for insulting our leader freedom fighter. Rahul Gandhi is a serial offender in this regard. In the past in 2017 also did the same thing,” Ranjit Sarvarkar also added, “Congress is trying to play vote bank politics and uses the same agenda of insulting Veer Savarkar,” Savarkar concluded.

Nowadays, Congress leaders are on Bharat Jodo Yatra, which began on 7 September from Kanyakumari to Kashmir.

Currently, Bharat Jodo Yatra is in Maharashtra which has already covered Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana.

Meanwhile, from various political parties, the Yatra is getting support, and day by day the response is also increasing.

During the Yatra NCP and Shiv Sena (Thackeray faction) showed their support for Yatra.

Moreover, Rahul Gandhi along with all the party MPs, leaders, and workers are staying in containers in which ACs, toilets, and sleeping beds are also installed. Keeping in view the intense heat and humidity with the change of places the container has been made.

However, in some past polls, Congress suffered a debacle and this Yatra is to increase the party rank for the upcoming electoral battles.