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Faiza Rifat from Jaipur Defends CAA at UNHRC 57th Session

September 18, 2024, 10:16 pm

At the 57th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) in Geneva, Faiza Rifat, a Muslim woman from Jaipur, Rajasthan, expressed her support for India’s Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). Rifat highlighted the CAA’s aim to provide a pathway to citizenship for religious minorities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, specifically benefiting Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians who entered India before December 31, 2014.

Rifat emphasised that the CAA addresses a pressing need by offering refuge and legal status to those who have faced persecution in their home countries. She pointed to recent incidents in Bangladesh, where the Hindu minority continues to experience targeted violence, arguing that the CAA is crucial in providing these individuals a safer environment and a chance to live with dignity.

She also explained that the CAA helps distinguish between genuine refugees fleeing persecution and illegal immigrants. This distinction allows the Indian government to grant citizenship to those with legitimate claims while curbing illegal migration. According to Rifat, this measure helps the government more effectively tackle illegal activities, including drug trafficking in sensitive border areas.

Also read: First Indian Citizenship in Goa Granted Under CAA to Christian Senior Citizen from Pakistan

Despite the ongoing debate around the CAA, Rifat emphasised its humanitarian aspect, describing it as a protective measure for vulnerable minorities. She stressed the importance of the CAA in safeguarding these groups and contributing to India’s broader goals of security and social stability.

First Bangladeshi Born Citizen Secures Indian Citizenship Under CAA In Assam

August 14, 2024, 11:43 am

Dulon Das, a 50-year-old resident of Silchar, Assam, has made history as the first person in the northeastern state to receive Indian citizenship under the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA). Das, whose family migrated from Sylhet in Bangladesh to Silchar in 1988, received notification of his citizenship from the Union home ministry on Tuesday. He has been instructed to visit the Regional Passport Office in Guwahati to collect his Citizenship certificate.

Das applied for Indian Citizenship in April, following the notification of the CAA rules, which came into effect over four years after the law was initially passed. His application process was prompted by his family’s challenging history and their inability to apply for the National Register of Citizens (NRC) due to difficulties in documenting their family lineage. Despite these challenges, Das has been an active voter in Assam since 1996 and his family possesses Aadhaar cards.

The CAA, enacted in 2019, aims to expedite citizenship for non-Muslims from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before December 31, 2014. Das’s application involved police verification and the submission of various documents, including land ownership records from Sylhet.

According to Dharmananda Deb, a former Foreigners Tribunal member and Das’s lawyer, eight individuals across Assam have applied for Indian Citizenship under the CAA. So far, two applications have been withdrawn, while six remain under review by the Union home ministry. Four of these applications are reportedly progressing towards approval.

The CAA, which was a key promise in the BJP’s election campaigns, was formally implemented with the notification of its rules in March. However, a lack of awareness has been identified as a factor in the limited number of applications received so far.

PM Modi Slams Mamata Banerjee for Allegedly Backing Infiltrators Amid CAA Debate

May 29, 2024, 4:12 pm

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in his recent address, criticized the Trinamool Congress-led administration in West Bengal, alleging that their opposition to the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) is motivated by political motives. He specifically targeted Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee, asserting that she harbors a desire to accommodate infiltrators within the state borders.

During a public gathering held in Mathurapur, West Bengal, Prime Minister Modi stated “Your one vote will end the misrule of TMC. We will begin the journey of Viksit and Surakshith Bengal. Today, infiltrators are grabbing the opportunities meant for the youth of Bengal. The whole nation is worried that the demography has changed in border areas of the state. Why did they protest against CAA? Because they want to settle the infiltrators here.”

PM Modi accused the TMC-led state administration of undermining the Constitution by taking rights from Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes and allocating them to Muslims.

“For appeasement, TMC is attacking the Constitution. Our Constitution provides reservations for the marginalized sections of society. TMC overnight granted OBC status to the entire Muslim community, thereby transferring the reservations meant for SCs, STs, and OBCs to Muslims. Calcutta High Court has canceled these certificates. TMC cannot go against the Court orders yet is willing to lie to the Muslims for the sake of appeasement.”

TMC and INDI Alliance pulling Bengal in opposing directions. TMC is resentful of BJP’s support in Bengal, obstructing Modi’s initiatives like Women Helpline Centers and Ayushman Yojana. Bengal suffers due to TMC’s actions.

Fishermen here suffer losses due to TMC’s stubbornness. The central government offers schemes for them, like Kisan Credit Cards and PM Matsya Sampada Yojana with Rs 20,000 crore funding. Despite this, TMC opposes progress, the Prime Minister said.

PM Modi urged voters to choose development and a ‘Viksit Bharat’ in his final 2024 Lok Sabha election rally in West Bengal. He highlighted the nationwide leadership in this election, citing a decade of development and contrasting it with past decades of hardship.

The Lok Sabha elections have completed six phases, with the last phase scheduled for June 1 across 57 constituencies spanning eight States and Union territories. The election results are set to be announced on June 4.

‘Congress, SP spreading lies on CAA’ Says PM Modi in Azamgarh Rally

May 16, 2024, 1:42 pm

Prime Minister Narendra Modi criticized the Opposition on Thursday, accusing them of attempting to incite riots by spreading falsehoods about the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA).

“The Prime Minister said that granting Indian citizenship to refugees has already started under CAA and that although those in the INDIA bloc claim they will remove it nobody can ‘end the CAA,'” the source said.

He said that the Congress had mistreated refugees for decades during an Azamgarh rally, citing the CAA as the most recent illustration of his administration’s devotion.

“Under the CAA, the process of granting refugees Indian citizenship has already begun… They are individuals who have to endure hardships as a result of the country’s religious division; they have all lived in our nation for a considerable amount of time,” Prime Minister Modi said.

He criticized the Congress, stating, “These (Congress) people climb the stairs of power taking the name of Mahatma Gandhi, but they don’t remember the words of Mahatma Gandhi.”

PM Modi emphasized that the CAA aims to grant citizenship to victims of partition, which has already commenced, and accused the opposition of spreading misinformation to incite violence.

“It’s Modi who has unmasked you. You are hypocrite, communal. You left this nation to burn in the communal fire for 60 years. I am saying it clearly, it’s Modi’s guarantee: ‘desh-videsh kahin se bhi, jo bhi taakat ikatthi karni hai kar lo’… You can’t end CAA. We are working of giving citizenship to those who are victims of partition, which has already started under CAA,” he added.

He highlighted the global recognition of India’s democracy and dismissed any possibility of reversing the decisions regarding Article 370 and the CAA.

“Desh mein koi maai ka laal paida hua hai jo CAA hata sake? (Has anyone been born in this country who can repeal the CAA?). Nobody can remove the CAA,” PM Modi emphasized.

On Wednesday, the central government issued the first set of citizenship certificates, two months after announcing the rules for the Citizenship (Amendment) Act.

The Union Home Secretary congratulated the applicants and highlighted the key features of the Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024.

The CAA, introduced by the Narendra Modi government and passed by Parliament in 2019, aims to grant Indian citizenship to persecuted non-Muslim migrants who migrated from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan before December 31, 2014.

Central Government Over First Set Of Citizenship Documents Under CAA

May 15, 2024, 6:41 pm

The Ministry of Home Affairs handed over citizenship certificates to 14 people under the Citizenship Amendment Act, on Wednesday. The law was passed by the parliament in 2019. The BJP-led Central government, however, notified the CAA rules in March this year.

In its Lok Sabha elections manifesto, the BJP promised that it would grant citizenship to eligible applicants under the Citizenship Amendment Act.

Union home secretary Ajay Kumar Bhalla handed over the documents to some applicants in the national capital.

“The first set of citizenship certificates after notification of Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024 were issued today. Union Home Secretary Shri Ajay Kumar Bhalla handed over citizenship certificates to some applicants in New Delhi today. The Home Secretary congratulated the applicants and highlighted salient features of the Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024. Secretary Posts, Director (IB), Registrar General of India and senior officers were also present during the interactive session,” the home ministry said in a statement today.

The Citizenship (Amendment) Act was notified by the Central government on March 11, weeks before the commencement of the Lok Sabha elections.

The CAA rules authorise the District Level Committee (DLC) to accept applications of eligible people for Indian citizenship. They further empower the State Level Empowered Committee to scrutinise the applications ahead of granting citizenship.

According to the ministry’s statements, since December 13, 2014, individuals from the Hindu, Sikh, Jain, Buddhist, Parsi, and Christian communities in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan who were persecuted for their religious beliefs and fled to India have been submitting applications to the authorities.

It went on to state that following document verification, the applicants were given an oath of allegiance by the appointed officers chairing the DLCs.

“After processing as per rules, DLCs have forwarded the applications to the State Level Empowered Committee headed by the Director (Census operation). Processing of applications is completely done through the online portal The Empowered Committee, Delhi headed by Director (Census Operation), Delhi, after due scrutiny, have decided to grant citizenship to 14 applicants,” the central government added.

Various opposition leaders, such as Pinarayi Vijayan of Kerala and Mamata Banerjee of West Bengal, have sworn they will not carry out the law. The countrywide implementation of the law has been pledged by both Union Minister Amit Shah and Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The opposition argues that the CAA is unconstitutional and discriminates against Muslims. The BJP asserts that the bill is not intended to strip Muslims of their citizenship and charges the Opposition of deceiving Muslims in order to win votes.

Jaishankar Dismisses Biden’s remarks, says, ‘India Not Xenophobic, But Very Open And Welcoming’

May 4, 2024, 2:05 pm

The US President Joe Biden’s recent claims that India is “xenophobic” were rejected by External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, who also emphasised India’s long history of tolerance and openness to people from different backgrounds.

In response to assertions that India’s economy was struggling, Jaishankar highlighted the country’s openness to outside influences, such as the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), in an interview with the Economic Times.

In response to Biden’s remarks from April 2, Jaishankar emphasised India’s longstanding record of tolerating other cultures and groups while disputing the idea that the country’s xenophobia is causing economic difficulties. He said that the CAA is a good way to help people in need.

Regarding criticisms leveled against the CAA, Jaishankar disputed claims of mass citizenship loss among Muslims, asserting that no such incidents had occurred.

During the discussion, Jaishankar also commented on anti-Israel protests in American universities, criticizing biased coverage by certain Western media outlets and alleging a targeted agenda against India.

Responding to reports implicating India in targeted terrorist operations in Pakistan, Jaishankar suggested that areas with significant terrorist presence naturally see security operations.

Following Biden’s remarks labeling India and other nations as “xenophobic,” the White House clarified his intentions, emphasizing his respect for allies and partners. White House Press Secretary Karine Jean Pierre reiterated Biden’s focus on diplomatic relations with countries like India and Japan over the past three years.

‘Will not accept CAA, NRC, UCC’ says Mamata at Eid prayer

April 11, 2024, 12:11 pm

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee made it clear on Thursday, April 11, that she stands firm against the implementation of the CAA, NRC, and Uniform Civil Code in the state.

Addressing a gathering during an Eid prayer, Mamata Banerjee reiterated West Bengal’s stance against the Citizenship (Amendment) Act of 2019, the National Register of Citizens, and the Uniform Civil Code. She cautioned the audience to remain vigilant against potential provocations during elections and urged them not to fall prey to any such schemes.

She warned that certain elements might attempt to instigate riots during elections and advised those attending the event to remain vigilant and not succumb to such tactics.

“We will not accept the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, National Register of Citizens, and Uniform Civil Code. If we stand together, no one can harm us,” Banerjee declared during her address at Red Road.

Emphasizing her party’s fight against the BJP, she stated, “We will make decisions regarding the INDIA bloc later. But in Bengal, please ensure that no votes go to any other party.”

Banerjee also criticized the BJP-led central government for allegedly employing central investigative agencies against opposition parties. Accompanying her at the Eid gathering was TMC national general secretary and her nephew Abhishek Banerjee.

Mamata Banerjee’s statement comes a day after Union Home Minister Amit Shah’s criticism of her, accusing her of “misleading” people on the CAA and enabling infiltrators for vote bank politics. Shah stressed that refugees should apply for citizenship without fear.

During an election rally in Balurghat, Bengal, ahead of the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, Amit Shah criticized the TMC government for allegedly shielding the culprits in the Bhupatinagar bomb blast case and for filing cases against NIA officials.

“Mamata didi is misleading people about the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). Why is she against refugees obtaining citizenship? I request refugees not to be afraid, please apply for citizenship, there will be absolutely no problem. No police case will be filed against you. Granting citizenship to refugees is our commitment,” Amit Shah addressed the rally.

BJP MP Arvind Dharmapuri Challenges Telangana Minister’s CAA-NRC Stand

April 3, 2024, 10:22 pm

After Telangana Minister Uttam Kumar Reddy’s statement asserting that the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and National Register of Citizens (NRC) won’t be enforced in the state, BJP MP Arvind Dharmapuri remarked that merely sporting a beard doesn’t equate to being secular, suggesting that individuals holding such views should be excluded from the political arena.

“Uttam Reddy is saying that CAA-NRC will not be implemented in the state. By growing beard one doesn’t become a secular. There is only one secular party in the country. How is giving refuge to Bangladeshi Muslims and Rohingyas being secular? Such people should be thrown out of the political system. Only the CM can give clarification on this,” he said.

“It is being implemented in the country and is the law here, If you don’t want to implement then resign and go home. This is very dangerous. Such people should be thrown out of Country’s political system,” he added.

During an Iftar gathering in Kodad, Uttam Kumar Reddy stated that the Congress government in Telangana would refrain from implementing both CAA and NRC.

At the same time, the Supreme Court has issued a notice to the Centre regarding applications requesting a suspension of the Citizen Amendment Rules 2024, which were introduced to enforce the CAA, 2019.

A panel comprising Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud, along with Justice JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra, has directed the Centre to submit its response within three weeks and scheduled the hearing for April 9, 2024.

After being passed by Parliament on December 11, 2019, and receiving the President’s assent the next day, CAA triggered widespread protests throughout the country. The CAA came into effect on Jan 10, 2020.

SC refuses to stay CAA; asks Centre to respond to petitions by April 8

March 19, 2024, 3:33 pm

The Supreme Court declined to stay the enforcement of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) on Tuesday afternoon. It granted the government a three-week period, until April 8, to respond to 237 petitions contesting the law, which was notified shortly before the Lok Sabha election.

Petitioners were permitted to approach the court if citizenship was granted to any individual before the given date. Solicitor-General Tushar Mehta, representing the government, refrained from making any definitive statement regarding this matter.

Initially, Mr. Mehta had requested four weeks to address the petitions. He emphasized the need for a detailed affidavit to respond to the 237 petitions and numerous pending interim applications.

Chief Justice DY Chandrachud, Justice JB Pardiwala, and Justice Manoj Misra presided over the case. The petitioners included the Indian Union Muslim League and opposition leaders such as Jairam Ramesh of the Congress and Mahua Moitra of the Trinamool.

The next hearing is scheduled for April 9. The petitioners, although not opposing the government’s request for additional time, urged the bench led by Chief Justice to impose a stay on the CAA’s implementation, which they deem discriminatory against the Muslim community.

In 2019, after Parliament approved the citizenship bill, numerous challenges were filed. However, the court did not pause implementation as the rules had not been notified. Last week, arguing in this matter, Mr. Sibal noted the difference, highlighting that rules had been notified now.

Mr. Sibal questioned the delay in issuing the rules, suggesting political motives behind the timing, coinciding with the 2024 Lok Sabha election. Indira Jaising advocated for granting the government more time but urged against granting citizenship in the interim.

Mr. Mehta dismissed the relevance of the timing regarding the election. Under the CAA, non-Muslim migrants from neighboring countries can seek citizenship if they fled religious persecution before December 31, 2014.

Opposition parties criticized the timing of the law’s implementation, suggesting it was aimed at influencing the elections, particularly in West Bengal and Assam. Mamata Banerjee, Chief Minister of West Bengal, expressed doubts about the law’s legality and alleged a plot to deprive people of citizenship rights.

Home Minister Amit Shah defended the CAA, stating it is not unconstitutional and accusing the opposition of spreading misinformation. He clarified that minorities need not fear as the CAA does not revoke any rights.

US Senator Expresses Deep Concern Over CAA’s Impact on Muslims in India

March 19, 2024, 1:22 pm

An American senator has expressed apprehension regarding the Indian government’s notification of rules for implementing the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA). The senator emphasized that as the relationship between the US and India strengthens, it is crucial for cooperation to be based on shared values that uphold human rights for all individuals, regardless of their religion.

India recently implemented the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019, which allows for the granting of citizenship to undocumented non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan who arrived in India before December 31, 2014.

In response to concerns, the Indian government released a press statement clarifying that Indian Muslims need not be concerned, as the CAA will not impact their citizenship. The statement emphasized that the CAA is unrelated to the Muslim community, which enjoys equal rights as Hindus.

“I am deeply concerned by the Indian government’s decision to notify its controversial Citizenship Amendment Act, particularly the law’s potential ramifications on India’s Muslim community. Making matters worse is the fact that it is being pushed during the holy month of Ramadan,” Senator Ben Cardin, chairman of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said in a statement.

“As the US-India relationship deepens, it is critically important that our cooperation is based on our shared values of protecting the human rights of all persons, regardless of religion,” he said.

Last week, the US State Department expressed its concern regarding the notification of the CAA, emphasizing that fundamental democratic principles include respect for religious freedom and equal treatment under the law for all communities.

India strongly criticized the US State Department for its remarks on the CAA, describing them as “misinformed and unwarranted.” The Hindu Policy Research and Advocacy Collective (HinduPACT) and the Global Hindu Heritage Foundation issued separate statements in support of the CAA.

According to these organizations, the CAA offers expedited citizenship to persecuted Hindu, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, and Parsi minorities from India’s neighboring countries. They argued that the legislation demonstrates India’s commitment to protecting individuals and families from religious persecution, aligning with global humanitarian principles.

“The CAA does not impact any citizen of India. The characterisation of this law as being non-secular is unfounded. Hindu minority is discriminated against and decimated in India’s neighbourhood. As Americans, we are disappointed that instead of standing for American values and the human rights of the persecuted, our government has chosen to oppose this humanitarian effort,” said Ajay Shah, founder and co-convenor of HinduPACT.

Deepti Mahajan, co-convenor of HinduPACT, expressed surprise at the apparent lack of empathy towards the hardships faced by young girls belonging to Hindu, Sikh, and Christian minority groups in Pakistan.

“According to the UN Human Rights Commission, BBC and APPG reports, on average, 1,000 girls a year, as little as 10 years old, get abducted, converted, and become victims of sex slavery and forced marriages in Pakistan. Instead of calling out the government of Pakistan for its complicity in this ongoing heartbreaking act, the State Department seeks to criticise the Government of India’s effort to help these innocent victims,” she said.

V S Naipaul of the Global Hindu Heritage Foundation stated, “The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019, focuses on the predicament of minorities enduring brutalities, persecution, forced conversion, murders, rapes, and various other atrocities in our neighboring Islamic nations, where the principles of secularism, peace, and humanity find it difficult to exist.”

SC to hear 237 Petitions challenging implementation of CAA today

March 19, 2024, 9:49 am

Amid the contentious backdrop of the Centre’s decision to enforce the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) shortly before the Lok Sabha elections, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear a cluster of 237 petitions challenging the law today. Heading the proceedings will be Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud, accompanied by Justices JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra.

Among the petitioners are various entities, including the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML), predominantly active in Kerala, the Democratic Youth Federation of India (DYFI), Congress leader Jairam Ramesh, Trinamool leader Mahua Moitra, and AIMIM chief Asaduddin Owaisi.

Promptly following the Centre’s notification of the CAA rules, these organizations swiftly approached the Supreme Court, urging a halt to the law’s implementation, branding it as “discriminatory” against the Muslim community.

In 2019, when the Citizenship Amendment Bill passed in Parliament, several petitions were filed against it. However, the court refrained from halting its enactment as the rules were not yet in place. Senior Advocate Kapil Sibal informed the court that a pause was not considered previously since the rules were not finalized. Solicitor General Tushar Mehta dismissed the relevance of the timing of the rule notification before the elections.

The CAA offers a route to Indian citizenship for non-Muslim migrants fleeing religious persecution from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Individuals belonging to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, or Christian communities who entered India on or before December 31, 2014, are eligible for citizenship under this act.

Critics, including opposition parties, have censured the Narendra Modi government for implementing the law four years after its passage in Parliament, alleging it as a strategy to sway elections, particularly in West Bengal and Assam.

In contrast to the opposition’s contentions, the Centre defended the constitutionality of the CAA, with Home Minister Amit Shah accusing them of disseminating falsehoods. He reiterated the BJP’s commitment to enacting the CAA in its 2019 manifesto and attributed the delay in implementation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Shah assured minorities that the CAA does not revoke any citizen’s rights.

Delhi CM criticises Centre for implementing CAA; says ‘ It’s BJP step ahead of polls to polarise vote’

March 13, 2024, 12:00 pm

Delhi Chief Minister and Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leader Arvind Kejriwal criticized the BJP-led central government for implementing the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) ahead of the Lok Sabha elections, accusing it of diverting attention from crucial economic concerns.

Kejriwal, in a video statement, denounced the BJP for allegedly opening India’s doors to Pakistani and Bangladeshi residents through the CAA, warning of potential repercussions, especially for states like Assam.

“The BJP has opened India’s door for Pakistani and Bangladeshi residents. This is dangerous for the country; the northeast states – especially Assam – will have to pay for it. The culture of Assam is in danger because of the illegal migrants from Bangladesh. The BJP wants to provide citizenship to these illegal migrants,” Kejriwal expressed.

He raised concerns about the government allocating funds to settle Pakistani refugees in India under the CAA, suggesting that the legislation could welcome millions of people from minority communities in neighboring countries.

“The government money would be used to settle the Pakistani people in India. In these countries (Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan), there are approximately 2.5 to 3 crores minorities. Once India opens its doors, a lot of people will come to India from these countries,” Kejriwal stated.

Kejriwal questioned the government’s readiness to provide employment opportunities for these refugees and speculated that the move might be a part of vote bank politics.

“Who will provide employment to these refugees? Why is this being done? Some people say it’s just a part of vote bank politics,” he remarked.

Kejriwal criticized the timing of the CAA implementation, suggesting that, after a decade of ruling, the BJP should have focused on showcasing its achievements rather than introducing contentious issues like the citizenship law.

“After ruling for 10 years, they have to talk about CAA. Had they done good work in 10 years, then they would be asking for votes on their work instead of CAA. Today the biggest issues faced by the country are inflation and unemployment… In such a situation, it is disappointing to see the government talking about CAA instead of resolving the issues of unemployment and price rise,” Kejriwal added.

Centre reiterates that Indian Muslims’ rights and opportunities won’t be restricted by CAA

March 13, 2024, 9:38 am

The government has reaffirmed that the recently implemented Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) does not restrict the freedom and opportunities of Indian Muslims. In response to criticism from the opposition, the government emphasized that Indian Muslims are not barred from seeking citizenship, and Muslims from any part of the world can apply for Indian citizenship under Section 6 of the Citizenship Act, which deals with citizenship by naturalization.

The rules for the CAA were notified on Monday, reducing the qualification period for citizenship application from 11 to 5 years for undocumented non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan who arrived in India before December 31, 2014. The Ministry of Home Affairs, led by Amit Shah, clarified that the CAA does not prevent any persecuted Muslim from applying for Indian citizenship under existing laws.

The government assured that the CAA does not impact the citizenship of Indian Muslims and that they have equal rights like their Hindu counterparts. The ministry sought to allay fears among some Muslims by emphasizing that no Indian citizen would be asked to produce any document to prove citizenship.

Protests have erupted in various parts of the country against the implementation of the CAA, with concerns that it could be used to declare individuals illegal immigrants. The government denied these concerns, stating that the law aims to help minorities facing persecution in Muslim-majority nations.

The ministry emphasized that the CAA is not against Muslim minorities and does not deal with the deportation of illegal immigrants. It argued that the law is necessary to customize the citizenship system and control illegal migration.

The government highlighted the humanitarian perspective in providing citizenship to refugees who faced religious persecution in their countries. The CAA, implemented four years after its passage, was delayed due to the pandemic, according to the ruling BJP.

CAA rules explained: How can refugees apply for Indian citizenship

March 12, 2024, 12:47 pm

With the implementation of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) by Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led Bharatiya Janata Party government on Monday, the law has reentered public discourse.

The Citizenship Amendment Act was passed by Parliament in 2019. Its objective is to grant Indian citizenship to refugees from six communities (Hindus, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, and Parsis) who have arrived from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan following religious persecution. It had sparked protests due to the exclusion of Muslims from the list.

The CAA formed a crucial component of the BJP’s manifesto during the 2019 Lok Sabha elections. Last month, Union Home Minister Amit Shah reiterated that the CAA would be enforced before this year’s Lok Sabha elections.

Here is the government’s consolidated response to all queries raised during the introduction of the CAA:

What is the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA)?

The law doesn’t strip anyone of citizenship or confer citizenship upon anyone. It simply alters the eligibility criteria for citizenship applications. It achieves this by excluding applicants from being classified as “illegal migrants.” Specifically, it refers to individuals from the Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, or Christian communities originating from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, or Pakistan, who entered India on or before December 31, 2014, and have been granted exemptions by the Central Government or the Foreigners Act, under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920, or the provisions of 1946 or under any rule.

The legal basis for this exception is outlined in two notifications released by the Ministry of Home Affairs in 2015.

Essentially, these notifications apply only to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, or Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, or Pakistan who arrived in India prior to December 31, 2014, out of fear of religious persecution.

What does the citizenship law do?

This legislation doesn’t automatically confer citizenship upon them; it simply renders them eligible to apply for it. They must demonstrate five years of residency in India and provide evidence of their arrival before December 31, 2014. Additionally, they need to substantiate that they fled their countries due to religious persecution, speak languages listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution, and meet the criteria outlined in the Third Schedule of the Civil Code 1955. Upon meeting these requirements, they can apply, and the decision to grant citizenship ultimately rests with the Government of India.

The Modi government today notified the Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024.

These rules will now enable minorities persecuted on religious grounds in Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan to acquire citizenship in our nation.

With this notification PM Shri @narendramodi Ji has…

— Amit Shah (Modi Ka Parivar) (@AmitShah) March 11, 2024

What kind of visa does India issue to refugees?

Refugees who do not meet the criteria, irrespective of their religion, will still be safeguarded under India’s existing ad-hoc refugee policy. This policy entails issuing long-term stay visas to allow them to reside in India.

As per the UN Refugee Agency UNHCR, numerous refugees from nations like Myanmar (Burma), Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, etc., are leading comfortable lives in India. The government clarifies that this legislation excludes Muslim refugees because it believes that once conditions in their home countries stabilize, they should return home.

How does India give visas to refugees?

India’s historical policy has consistently been non-inclusive, predating the current government’s tenure. Certain nations are constitutionally Islamic states, with Islam as the official religion, yet some Muslims seek refuge in India, fleeing oppression and tyranny in their home countries. From a policy standpoint, India sees no rationale in excluding them.

What are the problems faced by non-Muslim refugees?

Constitutional issues exist for non-Muslims in neighboring nations, where they often face severe persecution, suggesting they are unworthy of residing there. Hence, providing amnesty to non-Muslims appears reasonable. Muslims are addressed as distinct cases, mirroring the approach taken for Muslims arriving from countries like Syria and Afghanistan.

How is the government tackling the Rohingya issue?

Regarding Burma, the Rohingya arrived in India during the era of undivided India, under British rule in Burma. Consequently, Burma does not recognize them as part of its ethnic groups or citizens. This has sparked controversy for India. While Rohingya refugees have been granted protection and long-term visas in India, they won’t qualify for citizenship, as doing so could strain relations with Burma.

Is this law against Muslims?

The government maintains that this law does not target Muslims. Individuals in India due to persecution will eventually be repatriated to their home countries. There should be no presumption of eligibility for citizenship here. Those facing enduring persecution will receive protection. The policy of non-inclusion will persist. However, if refugee conditions do not improve in the next five decades, additional ad hoc constitutional measures may be required to enhance their protection, although this is not current policy.

All-India Muslim Jamaat Chief Maulana Shahabuddin welcomes CAA

March 12, 2024, 11:57 am

Following the notification of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) by the central government, Maulana Shahabuddin Razvi Bareilvi, President of All India Muslim Jamaat, expressed his approval of the legislation. Seeking to dispel concerns within the Muslim community, he asserted that the CAA would not affect the citizenship status of Indian Muslims. Maulana Shahabuddin Razvi Bareilvi stated, “The Govt of India has implemented the CAA law. I welcome this law. This should have been done much earlier but better late than never… There are a lot of misunderstandings among the Muslims regarding this law. This law has nothing to do with Muslims.” He emphasized that the law was designed to offer citizenship to non-Muslims facing persecution in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.

भारत सरकार द्वारा CAA क़ानून को लागू किये जाने पर हम स्वागत करते हैं और भारत का हर मुसलमान इसका स्वागत करें, मुसलमान न घबराएं, ये नागरिकता देता है न की छिनता है, इससे मुसलमानों का कोई लेना-देना नहीं। @PMOIndia @rashtrapatibhvn #BigBreaking #CAA #BreakingNews pic.twitter.com/NLuToI82FM

— Maulana Shahabuddin Razvi Bareilvi (@Shahabuddinbrly) March 11, 2024

He further reassured, “Crores of Indian Muslims will not be affected by this law at all… This law is not going to take away the citizenship of any Muslim.” Maulana Shahabuddin Razvi Bareilvi attributed past protests to misunderstandings created by some political figures and called upon all Indian Muslims to welcome the CAA.

Moreover, refugees residing on the borders have expressed their joy and gratitude to the Prime Minister for this initiative. A viral video on X captures their happiness following the announcement of the implementation of the CAA.

#WATCH | Rajasthan: Pakistani refugees in Jodhpur celebrate after the Centre notified the implementation of the Citizenship Amendment Act. pic.twitter.com/zAvyHJ2ooO

— ANI (@ANI) March 11, 2024

Union Home Minister Amit Shah had earlier clarified that the CAA aimed to provide citizenship and not strip anyone of their citizenship. The rules for implementing the CAA were notified by the Union Home Ministry on Monday. The CAA, introduced by the Narendra Modi government in 2019, grants Indian citizenship to persecuted non-Muslim migrants who arrived in India before December 31, 2014, from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.

The application process for citizenship under the CAA will be conducted online through a designated web portal. The passage of the CAA in 2019 led to significant protests across the country, and the implementation was delayed, requiring the formulation of associated rules. Since 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs has sought extensions from parliamentary committees to continue framing the rules.

Over the past two years, district magistrates and home secretaries in nine states have been authorized to confer Indian citizenship to non-Muslim minorities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. According to the Ministry of Home Affairs annual report for 2021-22, between April 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021, 1,414 individuals from non-Muslim minority communities were granted Indian citizenship under the Citizenship Act of 1955. The Act provides citizenship to non-Muslim minorities from the mentioned countries in nine states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Maharashtra.

CAA implementation is an Election Agenda, says Shiv Sena (UBT)

March 12, 2024, 11:36 am

Shiv Sena (UBT) Spokesperson Anand Dubey offered a pointed critique, questioning the timing of the recent notification regarding the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), implying that the government had ample opportunity over the past decade to introduce it.

Dubey expressed his concerns, stating, “We are sitting in March 2024, if you wanted to bring a law, you had ten years, you could have brought the law. Now when the code of conduct will be imposed in 2-4 days, then you are bringing the law…Today you have implemented the Citizenship Amendment Act CAA, what will happen from this? There are elections ahead, that’s why you are doing all these things.”

Dubey insinuated that the abrupt implementation aims to sow seeds of chaos in the nation, potentially impacting the political landscape.

“BJP can do anything to win the elections. They don’t care about the promises made by them, this is all Jumlabazi. They don’t want to address the main issues such as inflation and unemployment in the country,” Dubey said.

Training guns at the BJP, he said, “Do you know the meaning of Ram Rajya? Shri Ram went to exile to fulfill the promises made by him, and you break parties, put people in jail?, talk about Vipaksh mukt bharat? These (implementation of CAA) are all tactics to win the elections, but the people of the country know everything.”

In alignment with Shiv Sena’s (UBT) viewpoint, Samajwadi Party MP ST Hassan characterized the center’s action as a diversionary tactic orchestrated by the BJP.

” This is just a tactic to distract the people. We have no objection to people being given citizenship but why has religion been defined in that. Are Muslims not being persecuted in the countries that has been spoken of in the act. In fact, the Ahmediyas are persecuted in all the three countries (Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh). The government should offer citizenship to all persecuted people. There can be inquiries done on the antecedents of those applying. The CAA is just setting the ground for the NRC where the people will have to prove that they are Indians” ST Hassan said.

DK Shivakumar, Karnataka’s Deputy Chief Minister, also raised concerns about the timing of the act’s implementation, expressing apprehensions that it could exacerbate communal tensions in the country.

“They brought it after a long time of more than three and a half years. They could have taken a decision earlier. Now is the time for elections, lot of communal issues may start. We want a peaceful country. This is not the right time. Also, it is not needed for this country,” he said.

Atishi, an AAP leader and Delhi Minister, also suspected a political motive behind the timing of the act’s implementation, particularly noting its occurrence just before the elections.

“Just a few days before the Lok Sabha elections, CAA is being brought. What does this show? This shows that Modi govt knows that they haven’t done any work in the last 10 years,” AAP leader Atishi said.

“The youth today is unemployed, there are no homes for the poor, inflation is increasing. Rather than bringing people from the neighbouring countries, why doesn’t he offer employment, provide home to the people of this country?” she said.

On Monday evening, the Union Home Ministry released regulations for enacting the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), coming just days before the announcement of the Lok Sabha elections schedule.

Introduced by the Narendra Modi government and ratified by Parliament in 2019, the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) seeks to grant Indian citizenship to persecuted non-Muslim migrants, such as Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Parsis, and Christians, who fled from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan and entered India before December 31, 2014.

Indian Union Muslim League files petition against implementation of ‘CAA’ to Supreme Court

March 12, 2024, 11:29 am

The Indian Union Muslim League has submitted a plea to the Supreme Court, seeking an injunction on the recently introduced Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) Rules 2024. The petition urges a halt to the ongoing implementation of the contentious sections of the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019, and the Citizenship Amendment Rules 2024.

According to the plea, the Act and the Rules will lead to the establishment of exclusive rights and the conferment of citizenship solely to individuals of specific religions. This provision is argued to favor only particular religions, thereby creating an unfavorable circumstance during the pendency of the current writ petition.

The Central Government officially announced the rules governing the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) on March 11, 2024. Despite widespread protests nationwide, the CAA was ratified by Parliament in 2019. The legislation aims to expedite the citizenship procedure for non-Muslim migrants, encompassing Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Parsis, and Christians, who migrated from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan and arrived in India before 2014. However, the Act has encountered significant delays and continuous criticism from opposition parties.

In a statement on X (formerly Twitter), the Union Ministry for Home Affairs declared, “Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) will be notifying today the Rules under the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 (CAA-2019). These rules, called the Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024 will enable the persons eligible under CAA-2019 to apply for a grant of Indian citizenship.”

US-based advocacy group welcomes CAA rules’ notification

March 12, 2024, 11:05 am

The Coalition of Hindus of North America (CoHNA), a US-based advocacy group, has expressed its contentment with the official notification of India’s Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), considering it a significant triumph for persecuted religious minorities in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. CoHNA clarified that the rules laid out by the CAA wouldn’t affect the existing Indian citizens of any faith but would streamline the citizenship process for religious minorities who fled persecution in the aforementioned countries.

In a statement on X, CoHNA declared, “A big win for HumanRights for the persecuted religious #minorities of Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. India finally notifies the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) which was passed by the Indian Parliament in 2019!” The group specified that the CAA expedites citizenship for religious minorities, approximately 31,000 individuals, without impacting the current Indian citizens. It shed light on the severe conditions in Pakistan, where minor girls from minority communities are abducted, forcibly converted, and married to abductors, prompting families to seek refuge in India.

CoHNA disclosed its efforts in 2020 to counter misinformation surrounding the CAA, urging residents of the US and Canada to educate themselves and others about the regulations. The group underscored the importance of thwarting the spread of misinformation and guided individuals to its comprehensive CAA resources page.

The Ministry of Home Affairs officially communicated the rules under the CAA on Monday, enabling eligible individuals to apply for Indian citizenship. The rules, titled the Citizenship (Amendment) Rules, 2024, provide an online application platform through a dedicated web portal. The CAA’s objective is to confer Indian citizenship upon persecuted non-Muslim migrants who arrived in India before December 31, 2014, from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.

Despite notable protests following the CAA’s passage in 2019, Union Home Minister Amit Shah affirmed its implementation, and the rules were officially notified on Monday after a delay. Over the last two years, district magistrates and home secretaries in nine states have been authorized to grant Indian citizenship to non-Muslim minorities from the specified countries under the Citizenship Act of 1955. According to the Ministry of Home Affairs’ report for 2021-22, 1,414 individuals from non-Muslim minority communities were granted Indian citizenship between April 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. The Citizenship Act of 1955 allows citizenship by registration or naturalization for non-Muslim minorities in specific states. Notably, authorities in Assam and West Bengal have not been granted citizenship-granting powers.

CAA to be implemented before Lok Sabha polls: Amit Shah

February 10, 2024, 12:54 pm

Union Home Minister Amit Shah declared on Saturday that the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), passed by Parliament in December 2019, will be officially notified and put into effect before the forthcoming Lok Sabha elections. Speaking at the ET Now-Global Business summit in the national capital, Shah emphasized the certainty of the CAA’s implementation, stating, “CAA is an Act of the country, it will be definitely be notified. It will be notified before the polls. CAA will be implemented by the polls, and there should be no confusion around it.”

Shah criticized the Congress party for backtracking on its promise regarding the CAA, highlighting that the Act aims to fulfill the commitment made to persecuted minorities in neighboring countries. He clarified that the CAA is designed to grant citizenship, not strip anyone of it. Shah reassured that there are no provisions within the Act to revoke citizenship and reiterated that the CAA is intended to provide refuge to persecuted individuals from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.

The CAA, introduced by the Narendra Modi government, seeks to grant Indian citizenship to persecuted non-Muslim migrants from specified religious communities who arrived in India before December 31, 2014. Its passage in December 2019 and subsequent presidential assent triggered widespread protests across the country.

Regarding the upcoming Lok Sabha elections, Shah characterized the contest as a battle between corruption and development. He emphasized that the election transcends a mere contest between political alliances, highlighting the fundamental issues of governance, corruption, and national security. Shah underscored the importance of safeguarding national interests and upholding a zero-tolerance policy towards corruption and threats to national security.

Amit Shah Stands Firm on CAA; Declares It National Law at Kolkata Rally

November 29, 2023, 4:01 pm

Union Home Minister Amit Shah, in a compelling public address, affirmed the Central Government’s unwavering resolve to execute the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), stating, “Nobody can hinder its implementation.” Shah, at a massive rally, criticized the Mamata Banerjee-led West Bengal government for its purported indulgence in “appeasement politics,” urging the populace to elect a BJP government in the forthcoming assembly polls.

“The Citizenship (Amendment) Act is the country’s law, and we will enforce it regardless of opposition,” Shah said, emphasizing the importance of the CAA as a legal framework for the nation.

The CAA, which was passed in 2019, seeks to grant citizenship to migrants from Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, or Christian communities from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan who arrived in India on or before December 31, 2014.

Lamenting West Bengal’s state of affairs, Shah accused Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee of dilapidating the state through political violence, corruption, and unchecked infiltration. He claimed that Mamata’s administration, like the previous communist regime, had failed to stop infiltration and bemoaned violence against BJP workers in the state.

The Union Home Minister vowed electoral retribution in the upcoming assembly polls, declaring, “The people will avenge the political murders of BJP leaders through their votes in 2026, ensuring a BJP government with a two-thirds majority.”

Shah also accused the ‘Trinamool syndicate’ of obstructing funds sent by Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the state’s welfare, highlighting the developmental setbacks in West Bengal under Mamata’s administration.

Drawing a comparison between the developmental strides achieved under the BJP-led Centre and West Bengal’s purported stagnation, Shah asserted, “Modi ji has transformed the nation, yet Mamata’s appeasement politics has stunted Bengal’s growth.”

He concluded by urging the people of West Bengal to lay the foundation for a BJP government in the forthcoming 2024 Lok Sabha elections, emphasizing their pivotal role in shaping the political landscape of the state.

Centre step-motherly towards Tamil refugees; CAA arbitrary: DMK to SC

November 30, 2022, 1:14 pm

According to the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) the Citizenship (amendment) Act of 2019 is “arbitrary” as it only considers religious minorities from three countries while it has kept Sri Lankan Tamils staying in India as refugees.
The central administration “categorically avoided talking about the situation facing the Tamil refugees. Due to Respondent No. 1’s (Centre) stepmotherly treatment of the Tamil refugees, they now live in constant fear of deportation and have no certainty of their future “said the affidavit that DMK submitted. The DMK claimed that the CAA is “arbitrary” because it only applies to Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh and only six religious communities (Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian Communities), specifically excluding Islam.
DMK filed an affidavit before the Supreme Court, it has challenged the CAA in its plea. DMK said that even while considering religious minorities, the Tamils of Indian origin who are presently staying in India after they fled from Sri Lanka due to persecution are considered as refugees by the Centre.
The plea termed the Act ‘against Tamil race’ and keeps out the similarly placed Tamils who are residing in Tamil Nadu from the purview of the Act.
“The impugned Act ignores the reality that for several decades Tamil refugees who have settled in Tamil Nadu are deprived with fundamental rights and other rights due to non-citizenship and due to non-naturalisation and the impugned Act does not provide for any reasons to exclude them,” stated the affidavit filed by organising secretary RS Bharati, the governing party of Tamil Nadu.
It further added, “Being stateless, they have been denied of employment in the government services or in organised private sectors, the right to hold property, right to vote, enjoyment of government benefits received by the citizens and others despite there being an agreement for the same.”
Due to such an ambiguity, they are forced to stay in camps where they are often exploited having no prospects of security in future, said the DMK in its affidavit.

SC to hear pleas challenging validity of CAA on December 6

October 31, 2022, 4:20 pm

Hearing of a batch of petitions challenging Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) will be held on 6th December, the Supreme Court posted on Monday. The Assam and Tripura governments were given two weeks to submit their reply to the petitions by a bench consisting of Chief Justice of India UU Lalit, Justices S Ravindra Bhat, and Bela M Trivedi. Additionally, it named two attorneys to serve as nodal counsel in the collection of lawsuits contesting the legality of the Act.

Advocate Pallavi Pratap, advocate for petitioner Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) and advocate Kanu Agrawal, counsel for the Central government, were nominated as nodal counsel to prepare a compilation of all relevant documents.

At least 220 petitions against the CAA were filed before the top court.

The Parliament passed CAA on December 11, 2019, following which there were protests all across the country.

A Kerala-based political party Indian Union Muslim League (IUML), Trinamool Congress MP Mahua Moitra, Congress leader and former union minister Jairam Ramesh, All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen(AIMIM) leader Asaduddin Owaisi, Congress leader Debabrata Saikia, NGOs Rihai Manch and Citizens Against Hate, Assam Advocates Association, and law students among others had filed a plea before the top court challenging the Act.

Kerala government also filed suit in the apex court in 2020. It became the first state to challenge CAA.

The law expedites the citizenship process for Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians who sought shelter in India on or before December 31, 2014 after being persecuted for their faith in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, or Pakistan.
The top court had already warned the Centre and declined to grant a temporary order suspending the law without consulting the Centre.

The CAA does not violate any fundamental right, the Centre had said while terming the legislation legal and asserted that there was no question of it violating constitutional morality.

The petitions contended that the Act, which liberalises and fast-tracks the grant of citizenship to non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, promotes religion-based discrimination.
The amendments have also been challenged on several other grounds, including violation of secularism, Articles 21 (right to life), 15 (prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth) and 19 (right to freedom), as well as provisions on citizenship and constitutional morality.
The plea filed by Congress leader Jairam Ramesh has said that the Act is a “brazen attack” on core fundamental rights envisaged under the Constitution and treats “equals as unequal”.

The 2019 Act revised the Citizenship Act, 1955, making illegal immigrants who meet the following criteria eligible for citizenship: (a) they are from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, or Pakistan; or (b) they are members of the Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, or Christian communities. Only immigrants who arrived in India on or before December 31, 2014, are included. The Northeast is excluded from the clause, per the modification, in some places.