Russia has deployed approximately 50,000 troops along the northeastern Ukrainian city of Sumy, only 12 miles from the regional capital, ratcheting up the war’s northern front.
Outnumbered about three-to-one, Ukrainian combatants now have a burgeoning problem as the front stretches more than 750 miles. Russia is seeking to establish a buffer zone from Kursk all the way to Sumy, with Kyiv preparing for a high-risk summer offensive.
Strategic Build-Up on the Northern Border
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy confirmed toward the end of May that Moscow has amassed elite forces—airborne, marines, and motor rifle brigades—along the Kursk–Sumy border to create a 10 km deep buffer zone.
He reported Russian advances in four border villages, whereas Ukraine regained around 4 km near Kostiantynivka. Russian state media estimates even greater forces—up to 60,000—while independent analysts give the number at 62,000–67,000.
Front Line Pushed by Inch, Not Blitz
Russian advances in Sumy are protracted and expensive. Since February 2025, forces have captured Basivka, Novenke, Loknia, Bilovody and sections of Kostiantynivka—about 100 km²—while Ukraine retains strategic points.
Russian troops move village by village across forests and marshes—not with tanks, but with soldiers. Ukrainian drone warfare holds them back even more.
Ukraine Holds — But at What Cost?
General Syrskyi declared Ukrainian defenses have halted Russian advances in Sumy and stabilized the line. He credited drone usage for slowing Moscow’s momentum, preventing the redeployment of some 50,000 element forces to other fronts. However, the front has stretched over 750 miles—up 100 miles in a year.
Civilian Toll and Evacuations
Intense bombardment has displaced more than 56,000 civilians from over 213 villages. Shelling and airstrikes killed civilians—a 9 year old girl among them—and destroyed homes. Accounts speak of villages laid to ruin, with families escaping under pre dawn evacuations.
Russia’s Summer Offensive in Motion
This northern push is a reflection of Russia’s larger strategy. Moscow unleashed its largest bombing campaign to date—537 missiles and drones—while maintaining ground pressure intact. Simultaneously, Russia pushes east into Donetsk’s Kostiantynivka and Kostyantynivka regions. Experts caution this summer will set the war’s course.
Ukraine needs more Western aid, most urgently high-tech air defence, drones, and artillery. President Zelenskiy is willing to continue negotiations—even trilateral summits—while excluding Belarus as a site. But on the battlefield, Ukraine has to cover thousands of miles of front with scarce forces.
What’s Next?
Russia’s deployment of 50,000 troops around Sumy represents a steep escalation. As Ukraine has so far maintained the line, defense pressure increases each day. With the expansion of front areas and civilian misery, the war reaches its critical phase. The next few weeks will challenge Ukraine’s policy, resilience, and the mettle of its Western allies.
