Beijing has tightened its national security hold over Hong Kong, extending its demands for patriotism beyond politics to include the business community. Authorities now expect business leaders to align with state-defined national interests, promoting loyalty not just in governance but across economic sectors. This shift reflects a broader strategy to integrate all aspects of Hong Kong society into China’s national security framework. The move has raised concerns among observers about growing state control, shrinking autonomy, and the suppression of dissent in what was once a global financial hub known for its openness and relative freedom.

Shift From Autonomy to Co-Governance

The report explains that in 2014, Beijing released a white paper promising “Hong Kong people would govern Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy” under the “one country, two systems” model introduced after the 1997 handover.

However, over time, this system has changed. Today, both Beijing and Hong Kong authorities share governance responsibilities. At the same time, a wide-reaching surveillance system has quietly grown over the past 28 years.

Patriotism Now a Must

The report highlights that Beijing has imposed the idea of “patriots administering Hong Kong” to limit who can take part in politics. It has also added patriotism lessons based on “Xi Jinping Thought” into the education system.

Last month, for the first time, China’s Office for Safeguarding National Security and Hong Kong’s National Security Department carried out a joint investigation into a national security case. This rare action raised concerns about the possibility of extraditing suspects to mainland China.

Crackdown on Dissent

The report says Beijing continues to silence political opposition. For instance, Hong Kong’s Democratic Party, which was active for more than 30 years, dissolved this year.

Top Chinese officials are now urging Hong Kong citizens to join “united front” activities—efforts that serve China’s interests by merging politics, trade, and diplomacy. These national security efforts are spilling into other areas like financial risks, trade protection, and global affairs.

Security Language Expands to Daily Life

According to the report, national security concerns now include activities like:

  • Organizing or joining protests

  • Forming labour unions

  • Renting public venues

  • Film and media censorship

  • Submitting business tenders

  • Screening candidates for public sector jobs, including teachers, social workers, and civil servants

This year, Chinese authorities have tightened control over restaurants, entertainment venues, and leisure industries. Meanwhile, press freedom and artistic expression continue to decline in Hong Kong.

Education Sector Under Watch

Hong Kong schools must now screen all external partners and visitors, including organisations and individuals, to check if they “oppose China or disrupt Hong Kong.”

Arrests Under National Security Law

The report also noted that since Hong Kong’s National Security Law came into effect five years ago, 332 people have been arrested. In particular, individuals involved in the “Hong Kong 47” case have received severe punishments.